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A systematic approach in relation to the study of the sustainability of the development of individual territories is expressed in the fact that they are considered, on the one hand, as a separate segment that has all the institutional, economic, social and environmental characteristics, functioning as a whole of constituent elements (municipalities, individual economic entities ). On the other hand, this separate territory is considered as an integral element of a meso or macrosystem (depending on the administrative-territorial nature of the territory under study), which functions according to general rules and directions of development, conditioned by a single goal-setting and functionality of the national system. In accordance with the definition of the subject of our study (sustainable development of mountainous territories), we determined that mountainous areas with specific development conditions are separate territorial entities with their own internally formed functioning conditions. On the other hand, not a single subject of the Russian Federation can currently be fully classified as “mountainous territories”, that is, it must be considered taking into account the general principles of sustainable socio-economic development.

The work considers the dual nature of the investment paradigm for the development of the region as a systemic element of the national economic space and as a situational localizer of the investment benchmark for the development of regional economies, which allows to reveal the functional relationship of the concepts of «investment climate», «investment attractiveness» and «investment activity» in a single category of investment component of development of spatially localized subsystems of management.

The search for solutions related to the problems of modernization and technological renewal of the national economy and its regional components, the formation of resource potential and the strengthening of the competitive status of the subject (macro, mesolevel), as well as the provision of conditions for economic growth, will not have an effect in the strategic aspect if the level of investment activity in the economy is declining, and the volume of investment in various programs and projects that are significant for the federal center and regions are declining. The paper clarifies the dual nature of the investment paradigm of the development of the region as a system element of the national economic space and as a situational localizer of the investment benchmark for the development of regional economies, which made it possible to reveal the functional relationship between the concepts of «investment climate», «investment attractiveness» and «investment activity» in a single categorical series of investment components of the development of spatially localized economic subsystems.

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