The article develops theoretical and methodological approaches to ensuring economic security in the conditions of combating the shadow economy. In accordance with the set goal, the following tasks are solved in the article: the structure of threats to economic security is revealed and their types are determined; approaches to the concept of "shadow economy" were investigated and its definition was clarified; the influence of the shadow economy on the level of economic security was investigated; the policy of combating the shadow economy is substantiated. It has been proven that the shadow economy is a difficult phenomenon to study and account for. There are quite a few definitions of the shadow economy, which is due to the fact that it is quite diverse in structure. It is proposed to include here various types of activities that are not taken into account by official statistics, are not included in GDP, that is, that exist outside the legal field. This is the reason why the shadow economy cannot be accurately measured and often data on the size of the shadow economy from different sources differ significantly. The conducted research gives reasons to conclude about the dual nature of the shadow economy, which, in addition to clearly expressed shortcomings and threats to economic security, also has certain positive aspects, in particular, in the socio-economic sphere of the country. A significant amount of the shadow economy in our country, which continues to grow, seems very dangerous from the point of view of economic policy in the conditions of globalization. This causes the degradation of national tax systems. Also, economic policy based on incorrect indicators of economic statistics negatively affects the stability of economic development. And the results of the development of international institutions regarding the coordination of economic policy, which is a favorable factor in the functioning of the modern global economy, may also be ineffective. It has been proven that the shadow economy in the post-Soviet countries acts as a certain tool for maintaining economic and social balance. The authors believe that in the conditions of the transition period, with the help of the shadow sector, conditions are created for the survival of business and the population. Despite all the disadvantages, shadow activity also provides certain advantages: for small businesses - increased profits; the active population - the opportunity to work and receive income; consumers - to buy goods and services at lower prices. It is substantiated that, despite the listed positive aspects, any manifestation of the shadow economy is dangerous for the full development of the countries' economy. These phenomena will lead to the growth of corruption, a sharp increase in the stratification of the population, increase inflation, worsen working conditions and slow down economic development in general.
The article analyzes the economic essence of such an important category for any enterprise as project management. The necessity of its use in marketing activity is revealed. Its role in the marketing complex in the development of new products, as well as the improvement of existing ones is determined. If the company has several projects in progress, and each week has a dozen deadlines, the number of controlled tasks can exceed a hundred, then work without rushes, even with the busiest schedule will not be possible. Therefore, the use of project management techniques in such a stressful situation will provide opportunities to keep all processes under control, respond very quickly to identified problems and quickly adjust plans that will provide opportunities to work without rushes on a busy schedule. Each project has its own nature, life cycle, patterns and methods of management. Using a certain project management methodology will provide opportunities to implement it in an optimal way, avoiding failure and loss of money. The importance of project management grows when a company plans to develop a new product. Custom requirements for the future product should be formed by the marketer and this part of the work relates to project management. Mastering project management provides an opportunity to look more systematically at the task and the process of solving it, this is very important in the development and implementation of marketing strategy. The project management methodology is designed for complex resource-intensive projects and its full application will be excessive. It is necessary to use only that will really increase efficiency of work of division. It is necessary to implement and implement project management in the department, if employees will consciously participate in projects. The best way to achieve this is to hold seminars on the basics of project management for them. And as employees grow, it is possible to delegate some of the project functions to their specialization, which will increase staff motivation and relieve management of more complex tasks.
The article provides a research analysis of the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of the economic security system of enterprises using a logistic approach. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the economic security of enterprises and organizations is largely ensured by the effectiveness of the logistics activities of organizations. It has been proven that the economic security of the enterprise and logistics are systemically interconnected. The purpose of this study is to establish the place of logistics in the priorities of economic security of enterprises and organizations. Within the framework of the article, trends in the development of logistics at Ukrainian enterprises, types of risks that arise when ensuring the necessary level of economic security of the enterprise are considered. Actual problems and risks faced by enterprises in the presence of shortcomings in the conduct of production and economic activities are highlighted. It is substantiated that the economic risk for any enterprise can be presented in the form of a block system, each block of which is affected in a certain way by the logistics component. The theoretical essence of the organization's economic security service is considered. Possible ways of improving the efficiency of the economic security system of enterprises using a logistic approach are proposed. The importance and relevance of the study of the problems of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise using the logistics approach is also due to the fact that logistics in modern conditions is one of the effective factors of increasing the efficiency of the economy. Modern logistics solves not only the issue of the delivery of goods from the manufacturer to the consumer, but also, being an important link in the supply chain, the issue of the purchase of raw materials from the supplier to the manufacturer, as well as transportation, security and information sphere and other industries in the process of production of goods by various enterprises. It is substantiated that the production risk actually affects all types of sales risks, but the main direction of its action is focused on the risks of the quality of products and services, as well as on the cost risks associated with the cost of products and the profit of the enterprise. It has been proven that in the field of industrial and commercial activity of enterprises, it is absolutely necessary to justify the list of priority directions for increasing economic security and the formation of a resource distribution mechanism using a logistic approach to achieve maximum economic and technological results for a given number of resources. At the same time, the competitiveness of enterprises on the market and the state of their economic security are largely determined by the availability of a system of logistics service for consumer orders, and, therefore, the level of quality of the service provided. Logistics offers a new approach to the organization of effective delivery of finished products of the enterprise to the end user.
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