The COVID-19 pandemic has caused educational institutions all over the world to migrate their teachings online. Since Indonesian government issued the SK Mendiknas No. 107/U/2001, educational institutions had to steadily integrate their learning process with technology. So, this study intends to investigate the effectiveness of using the open-source learning platforms known as Moodle in a selected university, Universitas Lancang Kuning (Unilak) in Indonesia. While multiple courses uses Moodle, this study selected to analyse the 2017/2018 fifth semester students as they are the ones who pioneered Moodle for other classes to use. With a quasi-experimental research design, this study used four types of test to calculate the results of the essay pre-test and post-test on both experimental and control classes. With the eventual mean of 65.53 for the experimental class and 63.25 for the control, this study proved that Moodle does effectively improve Indonesian university EFL students’ learning compared to conventional lecture-style learning. Future research is hoped to extend or compare this study with an investigation on how university EFL students are using e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors that have not been covered in this empirical study.

Good learning environment will bring out qualified students. This study focuses on the Montessori method, which is an approach of education designed to train the students’ independence in learning. The study uses descriptive quantitative research design to describe the factors of Montessori classroom environment on the motivation of students in Royal Prime Montessori Elementary School Pekanbaru in academic year 2018/2019. The sample of study is 55 students selected from five classes. The data were collected using questionnaire and observation checklist. This study found five factors influencing the students’ motivational condition, i.e., teacher’s presence, personal attitude, Montessori materials, classroom conditions and friends’ influence. This study revealed that the students taught with this method are active and cooperative during their English learning activities.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the tendency of Indonesians to assume all types of abbreviation is acronym. This study examines the types of word formation process of abbreviation, and whether abbreviation or acronym is the correct umbrella term for this particular morphological process. Using library research method, this paper refers to two key morphology researchers from Britain and Indonesia, Laurie Bauer and Harimurti Krisdalaksana respectively, as well as one Indonesian Doctorate Arie Ansrasyah Isa whom referred the former two researchers in her study that proposes 16 types of abbreviations using data from top Indonesian newspapers, Jakarta Post and Kompas. This paper concludes that common people in Indonesia refer all abbreviations as acronyms because their high preference in abbreviating long phrases stems from the desire to increase pronounceability and familiarity of words, usually in the context of humor, but is highly prevalent in all situations, formal or non-formal.

This current study is interested in assessing the trending studies discourse analysis during the last five years in the specific context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Using the library research method, this study collected 131,000 results of relevant articles from Google Scholar open-access database. The data then analyse 40 selected articles as its main data with NVivo 12 software to ensure its qualitative. Chronologically, this study described how discourse analysis studies have evolved. At first, solely focusing on using discourse analysis to identify students’ problems in reading comprehension, researchers began to use discourse analysis to examine how teachers authentically perform and propose ways to improve the classroom discourse. Moreover, discourse analysis not only revealed issues that exist between teacher-student and student-student interactive discourses, but also the discourse in the textbooks issued for EFL programmes to raise critical issues.

Meaning is the field of the study discussed in semantic science. Semantics is a branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words in languages. In contrast, linguistics is the study of oral and written communications ​​that have systematic, rational, empirical characteristics as a description of the structure and rules of language. This present study argues that the meaning of a word in language can be known with the foundation of semantic science. The problems this present study focused on are the seven types of meaning and their descriptions in the book of Semantics by Geoffrey Leech: 1981. The research aims to classify and to identify seven types of meanings, and also to analyze Leech’s book and three article reviews of his theory. This present study uses a qualitative approach focusing on the words, phrases, and sentences regarding the theory. The result of this research confirmed that there are seven types of meaning based on Leech’s theory, namely conceptual, connotative, collocative, reflective, affective, social, and thematic. A novelty that this present study found is that the seven types of meaning have variations in their descriptions.