This article reflects the main directions of digital transformation in different types of economic activity, including the fuel and energy complex (nuclear industry). The authors consider the main problems faced by enterprises while transition to digital business conditions. Within the implementation of the government program "Digital economy", at the enterprises of different industries operating teams have been created to analyze the prospects of information development and work out the plans to realize digital transformation. As a result of the authors' analysis, the backlog of Russian business entities in the field of digitalization of their activities has been revealed. Regarding this, it is necessary to pay special attention to finding ways to the interaction between enterprises, the formation of relations between economic entities, the development of partnership between higher education institutions, research institutes and professional communities.