The aim of this study is to analyze the existing methods to determine the presence of harmful substances in the open pit atmosphere after massive explosions, and to develop a method of measuring the gas composition of the atmosphere using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Existing methods of controlling the whole open pit atmosphere and its individual sections do not meet safety requirements. The main disadvantages are that workers should be present at danger zone and they are exposed at risk of poisoning by harmful gases. In addition, these methods require considerable time for delivery and analysis of samples in the laboratory, and the results contain significant measurement errors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a methodology to determine the presence of harmful substances in the open pit atmosphere after massive explosions using UAV device, and conduct analytical research of signal dissemination to UAV control in the air. It was established that the implementation of the proposed method will allow to get quickly reliable data on the chemical composition of atmosphere in the explosion areas. It is possible to carry out the control measurements during mining operations without their interruption and without people presence in the dangerous area which allows to increase safety.