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Abstract. Museums of anatomy occupy an important place among museums, being a source of empirical knowledge in the field of biological science. However, most museums of anatomy are organized on the basis of medical and pharmaceutical universities as an additional educational space for students to get the most complete picture of the human body structure and the changes that occur in tissues and organs when exposed to various negative environmental factors. Museums of anatomy created on the basis of pedagogical universities are capable of performing educational and research functions for a wide range of students. The paper describes the experience of using the funds of the Museum Human Anatomy in the educational process of students and schoolchildren at General Biology and Physiology Department of South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The authors consider some activity areas of the museum related to the implementation of educational and research activities. The paper presents methodical recommendations aimed at improving schoolchildrens training for the practical part of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad in Biology (grades 910), including an algorithm for performing practical tasks to determine and describe the humanorgans (bones of the skeleton), examples of Olympiad tasks with a matrix of answers.

One of the tasks of the modern educational system is to develop and support talented young people. One way of it could be the subject Olympiads for schoolchildren, which contribute to the professional orientation of students and their future success in life increasing students interest in science as well as developing their creative potential and cognitive activity. The experience of carrying out various stages of the All-Russian Biological Olympiad for schoolchildren in Biology showed that in order to achieve high results, participants of the Olympiad need a methodically sound system of training camps and advice from specialists in various fields of Biology. The paper summarizes long-term experience of organizing a practical tour of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in Biology at the department of General biology and Physiology of the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The authors present methodological recommendations aimed at improving schoolchildren training for a practical tour of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad in Biology (room Human Biology, grade 9), including a description of typical mistakes made by participants in the Olympiad, an algorithm for performing practical tasks on microscopy of histological preparations, criteria for differentiating histological objects, examples of Olympiad tasks with a matrix of answers.

Students' adaptation to study at a university may be accompanied by a strain of adaptation mechanisms. Numerous monitoring studies conducted at the stage of students' adaptation to study at a higher educational institution indicate that their morphofunctional and mental state, the success of their studies depend on many factors, including gender, ethnic and national affiliation, place of residence, physical activity. The purpose of the study is to evaluate those factors contributing to the successful adaptation of the first-year students studying at the Natural-Technological Faculty of the South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University (Chelyabinsk, Russia) in the dynamics of the academic year, relying on a set of integral indicators of physical health. The study involved 56 first-year students. Indicators of physical development (length and body weight, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, vital capacity) were determined using standard techniques. Based on the obtained anthropometric data, the integral indices of physical health were calculated, namely the vital index, Robinson index, or double product, Kerdo vegetative index. The functional reserves of the cardiovascular system were determined by calculating the adaptive potential according to R. M. Bayevsky (1979). An analysis of the dynamics of integral indicators of physical health showed ambiguous changes in the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system. The authors indicated cases of students' successful adaptation relying on the values of such indicators as the vital and Kerdo vegetative indexes. More than that, the number of students with signs of decreased functional reserves and impaired regulation of the cardiovascular system (Robinson index) has increased. According to the dynamics of adaptive potential values, negative changes were observed among young men, increasing the risks of strain in adaptation mechanisms.

Цель. Правовое регулирование профессионального образования позволяет реализовывать единые образовательные стратегии, является важнейшим условием внедрения в педагогическую практику инновационных технологий. Обращение к опыту правового регулирования профессионального образования в настоящее время представляется обоснованным, так как способствует обогащению современной образовательной практики проверенными временем подходами, выявлению сохранивших свою дееспособность положений. Целью настоящей статьи является восполнение пробела, существующего в отечественной историко-правовой науке, в вопросах становления традиций правового регулирования среднего профессионального образования в России. В статье рассмотрены особенности правового регулирования профессионального образования в России во второй половине XIX-начале ХХ в. Характеризуются наиболее значимые нормативно-правовые акты, заложившие основу системы среднего профессионального образования в России в пореформенный период. Методология: системно-структурный, сравнительно-правовой и формально-юридический методы в совокупности с общенаучными приемами анализа, синтеза и др. Выводы. Во второй половине XIX-начале ХХ в. в развитии правового регулирования в области образования преобладали следующие тенденции: осознание правящими кругами необходимости реформ, формирование правовой базы образования, отвечающей потребностям общества и времени. Научная и практическая значимость. Научная новизна предопределена выбором темы исследования и заключается в предложенных выводах, способствующих расширению представлений о российских традициях в части законодательной регламентации профессионального образования. Практическое значение исследования состоит в том, что историко-правовой опыт, с учетом современных реалий, может быть использован в законотворческой деятельности, а собранный фактический материал-в научных работах и практике преподавания как общих, так и специальных курсов по истории и теории права и государства. Ключевые слова: реформа, профессиональное образование, правовое регулирование, учебное заведение. * СОКОЛОВА ТАТЬЯНА ЛЕОНИДОВНА, доцент кафедры государственно-правовых дисциплин Вологодского института права и экономики «ВИПЭ» ФСИН России, кандидат исторических наук,