Application of fertilizers is included today into the cultivation intensive technologies, as one of the basic components providing for high crop yield. Today, the minimal tillage is widely used, which significantly reduces the choice of fertilizer application method in comparison with classical fertilizers. Therefore, the competent use of the remaining methods of feeding field crops becomes very important. An innovative solution to this problem is the use of foliar fertilization in agrotechnologies. The use of microfertilizers in the form of foliar fertilizers makes it possible to provide plants with the necessary set of microelements during the formation of reproductive organs, leading to the enrichment of seeds of agricultural crops with microelements, which has a positive effect on the seed material. As a result of the researches lead by us it has been established that the application of new microfertilizers (Brassitrel and Bortrac) contributed to an increase in such biometric parameters of spring rape as the number of pods and runaways, the number of grains in a pod, which in turn increased the yield.

A comparative analysis of the seeds ash composition of the breed Rif (Brassica napus L.) rapeseeds grown in the Lipetskaya region was held. The plants were grown in the conditions of the agroecological experiment using mineral (NPK and zeolite) and organic (hen droppings) fertilizers. 6 variants of the experiment were studied – the plants are grown without fertilizers application (the control); the mineral fertilizer (N60:P60:K60) separately and together with zeolite (5 t.ha-1); the zeolite in pure form (5 t.ha-1); hen droppings (5 t.ha-1) separately and together with zeolite (5 t.ha-1). We studied the accumulation of 9 basic elements (in mass %) contained in Brassica napus. seeds ash using the method of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The accumulation order of the elements was determined: P ≈ K > Mg ≥ Ca > Mo > S > Zn > Mn > Fe. The proportion of P fluctuated from 10.852 to 11.855 mass %; the proportion of K – from 9.933 till 12.343 mass %. The rapeseeds contained Mg, Ca, and Mo in similar concentrations within the range of 4.0 -5.8 mass %. The combined application of zeolite with organic fertilizer ensured the accumulation of the minerals in the seeds. Correlations between the elements were established. High correlation between elements K and Mo was found (r = 0.96); P and Mg (0.86); P and Fe (r = 0.94); C and Mo (r = 0.86). The positive effect of the combined organic-mineral fertilizers with poultry farms wastes usage on the mineral elements accumulation in rapeseeds was stated. It is noted that the accumulation of P, Ca, Mo, and S in rape seeds leads to a decrease in Zn.

The aim of the study was to study the effect of various doses of chicken manure (CP), zeolite (C), their mixtures and mineral fertilizers on the accumulation of microelements in the vegetative organs of spring rape plants at different stages of development. The results of the experiment showed that the introduction of the zeolite-containing rock of the Terbunskoye deposit promoted a decrease in such trace elements as Cu, Zn and Mn in the vegetative mass of rapeseed throughout the entire period of plant development. On experimental plots using organic-mineral mixtures (CP 2.5 t / ha + C 3 t / ha, CP 5 t / ha + C 3 t / ha, CP 10 t / ha + C 3 t / ha) the active adsorption of the zeolite-containing rock of the Terbunskoye deposit in relation to Zn was revealed, which contributed to a decrease in the element in the vegetative mass of rape in the variants of the experiment throughout the entire vegetation period of plants. Consequently, the studies carried out make it possible to recommend the cultivation of spring rapeseed using organic waste as fertilizers together with natural zeolite in the forest-steppe conditions CHR.

As development of mushroom industry in Russia is growing, and the amount of spent mushroom composts is increasing, they are actively used as organomineral fertilizers for agricultural crops. Therefore, from the rather large problem of storing waste composts, these fertilizers began to be in great demand in the agricultural industry. Organic fertilizers are characterized by a high percentage of nutrients. They are able to improve physical properties of soil by increasing aggregative stability and reducing soil density. Organic fertilizers improve biological and biochemical properties of soil, and positively affect the development of soil microbial community. In the experiments, the content of nutrients in fresh compost and compost after one year of storage averaged: ash content - 8.0 and 74.1 %; organic matter - 66.3 and 25.9 %; NPK (%) - 0.50, 0.63, 0.44 and 0.45, 0.51, 0.39, respectively, under a favorable soil acidity (pH 8.0-7.3). In studies carried out on dark grey forest soils of the Ryazan region, the maximum productivity of agricultural crops was noted in variants with application of half-ripened compost: the yield of spring wheat was 2.82 t/ha (+ 0.23 t/ha compared to the control); spring barley - 3.21 t/ha (+0.17); spring rapeseed - 1.77 t/ha (+0.24); potato cv. Vympel - 27.91 (+ 4.41); potato cv. Kolobok - 11.21 t/ha (+1.63); pea - 2.10 t/ha (+0.21). The high efficiency of spent mushroom composts as fertilizers for increasing yields of spring barley and wheat, spring rapeseed, potatoes and peas was confirmed.

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