This research has focused on the evaluation of raw materials that used in the wings of modern airplane. These materials either would be fiberglass, carbon-fiber or aramid based composites like Kevlar. These common materials have been selected and evaluated depending on experimental data obtained from mechanical tests. These tests include: hardness, tensile strength and bending stress. The tests based on ASTM standards for mechanical properties. The results show increasing in the hardness value of graphite-epoxy by 9% comparing with that of fiberglass and by 18% comparing with that of Kevlar-epoxy. The results also show an increasing in the maximum tensile strength of graphite-epoxy by 2.9 times to that of fiberglass and by 5.5 times to that of Kevlar-epoxy. Furthermore, the results of bending stress test show increasing of the maximum strength of Kevlar-epoxy by 30% comparing to that of glass fiber and by 75% comparing to that of graphite-epoxy.

Thermal energy storage systems have been investigated for the last decades, even though the information is quantitatively enormous with a few application works. In this study, a review has been carried out for the applications of phase change materials in the cooling of buildings, where these materials have tendency to gain extra heat (latent heat) during solid–liquid phase change. The study presents significant information regarding the use of phase change materials for cooling with many considerations like: climate conditions, types of phase change materials and their thermo-physical properties. Theresultant studies show that the integration of phase change material in the building have a good potential for reducing energy demand for cooling, further investigations are needed to really assess their benefits.

This research has focused on the evaluation of raw materials that used in the wings of modern airplane. These materials either would be fiberglass, carbon-fiber or aramid based composites like Kevlar. These common materials have been selected and evaluated depending on experimental data obtained from mechanical tests. These tests include: hardness, tensile strength and bending stress. The tests based on ASTM standards for mechanical properties. The results show increasing in the hardness value of graphite-epoxy by 9% comparing with that of fiberglass and by 18% comparing with that of Kevlar-epoxy. The results also show an increasing in the maximum tensile strength of graphite-epoxy by 2.9 times to that of fiberglass and by 5.5 times to that of Kevlar-epoxy. Furthermore, the results of bending stress test show increasing of the maximum strength of Kevlar-epoxy by 30% comparing to that of glass fiber and by 75% comparing to that of graphite-epoxy.

The sector of air-conditioning in the residential building consumes most of the total ‎electricity supplied for heating or cooling. Thus it has a major impact on the greenhouse gases and climate. Phase change ‎materials (PCMs) are regarded as a possible solution for reducing the energy consumption of ‎buildings by storing the heat and releasing it in certain times. The present study assists for the ‎utilization of PCMs in the roof of residential building to absorb the heat comes from solar ‎radiation during the daytime and releasing it to the inside nightly. Building considerations ‎as well as thermo-physical properties of PCMs have been taken and measured experimentally. ‎Results have shown that these materials have a good potential for reducing energy demand ‎and satisfy comfortable thermal conditions. The obtained readings, from a rig model built for that purpose, ‎showed that the indoor temperature could increase by 5-9oC in the winter compared to that ‎measured in a traditional one. Furthermore, a simulation program depended on degree-days ‎method explained that the energy consumption could be saved up to 75%. Thus PCMs could ‎submit encouraging suggestions toward the sustainability.‎

This study presents analytical approach to design wind turbine blades of high power production capable to work in actual operational conditions in Iraq. The study includes aerodynamics analysis related to wind features around the blades, stress analysis related to the weight of the blade and corresponding loads using SolidWorks software and finally selection the suitable material for manufacturing. Moreover, a survey has done to collect data of wind characteristics in Iraq. The effective parameters in the design were: wind speed, desired power and tower height. The design predicts many specifications in the design of blade for a rate power between (600-850 kW), where the diameter of rotary ranged from 48-57 m, length of blade ranged from 23-27 m and the thickness of the chord has not exceeded 0.12 m as maximum.