Postcolonial theory is a well-established critical approach that addresses issues such as the quest for identity, the significance of land, homelessness, resistance, and the encounter between the colonized and the colonizers. This paper examines the postcolonial elements utilized by the Anglo-Jordanian novelist Fadia Faqir in her novel Pillars of Salt. It discusses the novel's themes and techniques associated with postcolonialism as a literary theory and as a critical approach. Being a postcolonial text, the novel shows the writer's attempt at writing back in response to the colonial past with its power structures and social hierarchies. Thematically, the novel is analyzed with special reference to such topics as the subaltern, Anglo-Jordanian ties, language, otherness, and identity. The paper also traces the continuity of postcolonial discourse in Faqir's novel and gives a short survey of the historical events that provide the background to the main events in this essentially postcolonial work.

The concept "Subaltern" or the "Other" has been a subject of discussion and debate in many fields such as Marxism, cultural studies, Orientalism, post-colonialism, history, sociology and politics. Consequently, many eminent critics and theorists have approached it from different perspectives. This study, depending on the post-colonial theories of many critics such as Edward Said, Gayatri Spivak and others, explores the type of voice given to the subaltern in some selected poems by Mahmoud Darwish. For Darwish, the subaltern can and should speak.

This paper investigates how the Arab-American writer Naomi Nye addresses the dialectic between borders and multiculturalism in her award-winning young adult novel Habibi (1997). Critiquing the essentialist view that presumes fixed boundaries for a culture, Nye promotes the alternative view that assumes individuals' power of defining and redefining their cultural identities in a multicultural society. The author argues that Nye's position is that borders/boundaries and geographical demarcations are flimsy, arbitrary and create divisions, animosities and hatred between people and nations whereas multiculturalism engenders feelings of reconciliation, friendship, and understanding. Though borders and boundaries can be divisive, cultural variety and hybridity can be inclusive. To counteract the argument of borders/boundaries, Nye posits the argument of multiculturalism. In this paper, the author intends to examine the assumptions of the physical and the cultural borders rhetoric in comparison with the multicultural approach narrative. It is the dialectic of these two opposing forces that shapes the events and the final outcome of the action and events of this novel.

Metamodernism has been defined as a set of developments in philosophy, aesthetics and culture which have emerged from and are reacting to postmodernism. It is a recent current in contemporary literary theory and culture and together with postmodernism have become the two most predominant modes of present critical analysis. As a critical/cultural sensibility, metamodernism has been recognized as a new entrant to the writing of literary works in addition to the academic study of literature. In this paper, metamodernism is explored as one of postmodernism's proposed successors, in theory and practice. This paper highlights the basic poetics of metamodernism and tries to apply them to the analysis of-My Hero‖, a short poem by the American laureate poet Billy Collins. Though reference is made to some of the major heralds of metamodernism, the primary model which will be discussed and utilized for interpretation is that construed by Timotheus Vermeulen and Van den Akker in their pioneering paper-Notes on Metamodernism‖ (2010).

This paper examines the identity crisis experienced by Antoinette in Jean Rhys ' Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) from a predominantly soci-psychological perspective. Since most of the critical attention regarding Wide Sargasso Sea has been devoted to external problems, such as race, gender and colonial politics, this article will concentrate on the psychological relevance of those issues, examining the reasons for the internal conflict and sharp divisions that torment the heroine. It investigates identity crisis faced by the novel's heroine and her struggle to overcome this crisis in a society where woman is triply marginalized by race, class, gender and colonialism. It also traces Antoinette's search and struggle for an independent life and examines the extent to which she succeeds or fails in articulating her identity. Special emphasis will be laid on Erik Erikson's psychological theories of identity crisis and human development. The paper depicts the protagonist's endeavour to overcome the external forces that impact the construction or destruction of her identity. Ultimately, Antoinette reaches a resolution on her own terms, depending on her own personal decision and the surrounding societal and cultural circumstances.