The present research examines the value relevance of accounting earnings data disclosed by a sample of French family and non-family firms. The major goal of this paper is to find if the value relevance of accounting earnings for investors depends on the nature of the firm. In addition, it intends to check if accounting earnings relevance varies in function of the concentration of ownership in the hands of families. The research is based on a longitudinal data set (2009 – 2012) obtained from a sample of 349 firms quoted on the Paris stock market and composing the CAC-All tradable index. Relying on the association studies’ methodology, the main hypotheses are supported as the results show that family firms exhibit more value relevant earnings than non-family firms. This finding could be justified by an alignment effect that may be especially evidenced in the case of moderate family ownership. Conversely, less value relevant earnings are exhibited by highly controlled family firms thus showing evidence for a probable entrenchment by the owning-families.

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