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"In this review, we examine theories, data, and research on the macroeconomic relationship between international migration and national development in all world regions. Earlier reviews have generally been pessimistic about the prospects for economic development as a result of international migration. Until recently, however, theories and data have not recognized the complex, multifaceted, and often indirect ways that international migration can influence the economic status of households, communities, and nations, and they have generally failed to appreciate how these relationships can change over time. When these complexities are incorporated into theoretical models, research designs, and data collection, a more nuanced and far more positive picture emerges. Given a supportive mix of macroeconomic policies and infrastructure, international migration may function as a dynamic force promoting economic growth and national development, so long as it does not bring about the selective emigration of scarce human capital needed for development at home."

Depressive disorders contribute heavily to global disease burden; This is possibly because patients are usually treated homogeneously, despite having heterogeneous symptoms with differing underlying neural mechanisms. On the contrary, treatment that directly influences the neural circuit relevant to an individual patient’s subset of symptoms might more precisely and thus effectively aid in the alleviation of their specific symptoms. We tested this hypothesis, using fMRI functional connectivity neurofeedback to target a neural biomarker that objectively relates to a specific subset (melancholic) of depressive symptoms and that is generalizable across independent cohorts of patients. The targeted biomarker was the functional connectivity between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left precuneus, which has been shown in a data-driven manner to be less anticorrelated in patients with melancholic depression than in healthy controls. We found that the more a participant normalized this biomarker, the more related (brooding and more general depressive), but not unrelated (trait anxiety), symptoms were reduced. Thus, one-to-one correspondence between a normalized neural network and decreased depressive symptoms was demonstrated. These results were found in two experiments that took place several years apart by different experimenters, indicating their reproducibility. Indicative of their potential clinical utility, effects remained one-two months later.

No abstract

Anthelmintic efficacies of a series of 6-substituted methyl imidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine-2-carbamates were compared to similarly substituted benzimidazole-2-carbamates. With only one exception, methyl 6-benzoylimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine-2-carbamate, both classes of compounds exhibited similar activity vs. Nematospiroides dubius in mice. Preliminary screening indicated methyl 6-(1,2,2-trichloroethenyl)imidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine-2-carbamate to be the most potent derivative in the series. However, evaluation in sheep indicated that its anthelmintic spectrum was inferior to methyl 6-(phenylsulfinyl)imidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine-2-carbamate.