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Surface permanent magnet (SPM) machines can be designed with fractional slot-concentrated windings (FSCW) to achieve extended speed ranges. High-speed operation can lead to significant levels of proximity losses in the stator windings due to substantial spatial harmonic magnetic fields in the air-gap as well as the high-frequency currents themselves. An integrated analysis tool is presented in this paper to calculate the strandand bundle-level proximity losses in slotted stator conductors without requiring finite element analysis. A combination of analysis techniques, including Laplace equation solutions and conformal mapping, is used to estimate the magnetic field in each stator slot, providing the basis for proximity loss estimation. The match between losses estimated using the analytical model and finite element analysis is very promising.

Sensors, actuators, and controllers, which collectively serve as the backbone of cyberphysical systems for building energy management, are one of the core technical areas of investment for achieving the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Technologies Office's (BTO's) goals for energy affordability in the national building stock-both commercial and residential. In fact, an aggregated annual energy savings of 29% is estimated in the commercial sector alone through the implementation of efficiency measures using current state-of-the-art sensors and controls to retune buildings by optimizing programmable settings based on occupant schedules and comfort requirements, as well as detecting and diagnosing equipment operation and installation problems (Fernandez et al. 2017).

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