Gyroscopes are important sensors in motion control in equipment such as airplanes, missiles and Segway. Low-cost gyroscopes have problems in signals such as bias, noise and scaling factor that decrease the efficiency of motion control. Therefore this paper is to present signal conditioning of low-cost gyroscopes using a Kalman filter to remove unwanted noise and nonlinear least square method to estimate parameters for compensation errors to the model by comparison with the encoder. The experimental results is shown that Kalman filter and nonlinear least square method can be used in signal conditioning of low-cost gyroscope for a more accurate signal.

The work of this paper presents the use of MPSO which is an evolutionary optimizer. The work objective is finding the optimal shape of triangular slot in a tire tread block. The numbers of design parameters with triangular slot are 9. They are used to characterize size and position of the triangular slot in a tire tread block. The optimization methods are implemented to solve two objectives. First, the normal contact stress at contact patch region must be lowest and second, the friction contact stress at the same region must be highest. Therefore, the problem type is bi-objective optimization. The finite element analyses are simulated by modeling of tire tread block contacting to the friction surface with commercial finite element program (ANSYS). The models are simulated as compressing and sliding or braking situation. The tire tread block is modeled as hyperelastic material which used the three basic tests, i.e., uni-axial tensile test, planar shear test and equal bi-axial tensile test. The best fitted of hyperelastic material model for the work is Ogden Hyper Foam order 3th. The results of work are present as the mean of design parameters which are accepted for two objectives.

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Abstract. In the nowadays scenario the fossil fuel sources are depleting. Energy is obtained by the conversion of energy into other. The renewable sources of energy become more popular. One such energy is explained in this paper. The number of motorcycle pass through Speed Bumper on the road is increasing every day. This present design of Speed Bumper is carried out using standard procedure and design consider the material properties of each component. Method using fatigue in the mechanism of the Speed Bumper. The linear motion is converted into circular motion using one way bearing and ratchet gear. The speed obtained is amplified by using a set of gear and passing flywheel. This amplified speed is used operate a generator to produce power. There are many suitable mechanisms to the most efficiency. The mechanism using the finite element method (FEM) for design, it's practical with model on computer software and then practical implementation. IntroductionAccording to the unstable oil prices in the present, it is impossible to prepare for the transition energy precisely. Alternative energy such as wind or solar power has restrictions on the production of electricity. Wind power can be used when it has suitable speed. The solar energy is only available during the day, with enough intensity. Communities have the energy source that most people unexpected if it can be used as an alternative energy. This energy derives from motion of Speed Bumper. From number of motorcycles at gate way of sample location have 1000 its large quantities and continuously, at the time 11.30 am to 1.30 pm. This research study the possibility of producing electrical energy from the motion of speed bumper during the night. It proposes to convert linear motion into rotary motion [1][2][3][4]. The motion passing it to the flywheel and then the speed obtained is in turn amplified by using the set of gear and generator to produce electric current, and store in the battery. This research study will be the basis to develop a prototype of the next application in other communities.