Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. This is at various levels of prevention; connected to early detection, prompt treatment seeking and compliance behavior of patients. DOTS is important strategy to tackle its prevalence and severity among public. In addition, development of MDR-TB is another emerging agenda which mainly happens as a result of poor compliance to treatment regimen. The main aim of this study is assessing DOT treatment compliance and associated factors among adult patients of TB treatment service. Facility based cross-sectional study triangulated with indepth interview was conducted between March and April, 2015 in public health facilities of Hadiya zone. Data were collected from 203 respondents selected by simple random sampling using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Ethical clearance was collected from the ethical clearance committee of Jimma University, College of health science. We used adapted instrument composed of behavioral, therapy, social and facility related variables. Descriptive statistic and logistic regression analysis were employed to identify factors associated with DOTS compliance in TB patients. We used odds ratio and 95%CI to declare significant factor fits. Then quantitative data were triangulated with qualitative data. Finally, the findings were presented in narrative texts, tables and graphs. A total of 203 tuberculosis patients were interviewed; nearly three quarters (75.9) were rural dwellers. 142 (70%) of the respondents were compliant with in the last seven days. Majority (84%) of the respondents were morning time compliant. Average number of day that patient takes the drug in 1 week is 6.6 and most of them (72.50%) takes seven days. Phase of treatment, knowledge, getting encouragement, perceived severity, distance from health facility and getting advice were significantly associated at p-value<0.05 with DOTS compliance. Moreover distance and getting advice in intensive phase and absence of symptom, waiting time and getting encouragement in continuation phase were significantly associated. DOTS compliance in this study is poor relative to other studies. Special attention on compliance counseling should be given for those patients who have no symptom in continuation phase, distant patients in intensive phase and those who did not get social support.

Background/Aim In Ethiopia, antenatal care takes a focused approach, where women are encouraged to give birth in a health facility, as there are no services that provide skilled birth attendants for home births. However, nearly half of mothers booked for antenatal care give birth at home, which is associated with a higher risk of maternal mortality and poor outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of home birth and associated factors among women in southwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using simple random sampling. Data were collected from 1 February 2018 to 30 April 2018 from 1831 women who had given birth in the last year in selected zones of southwest Ethiopia, using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were cleaned and exported to STATA 14 for analysis, both by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. P≤ 0.05 at 95% confidence interval of odds ratio was taken as significant in the multivariable model. Results Approximately half (54.5%) of the participants gave birth at home. Rural residence (adjusted odds ratio=0.46, P=0.032), listening to the radio (adjusted odds ratio=0.53, P=0.047), attending 3–5 antenatal care visits (adjusted odds ratio=0.40, P=0.031), being widowed or divorced (adjusted odds ratio=2.89, P=0.045), prolonged labour (adjusted odds ratio=0.76, P=0.021) and waiting time for antenatal care services (adjusted odds ratio=1.85, P=0.042) were significantly associated with home birth. Conclusions More than half of the participants gave birth to their last child at home, and this decision was affected by residence, prolonged labour, antenatal care frequency, media, marital status, and waiting time for antenatal care services. Interventions to increase institutional birth should prioritise those who do not attend antenatal care, are not exposed to media or who are widowed or divorced. Similarly, reducing antenatal care waiting time and encouraging mothers to attend antenatal care are vital to improving rates of institutional birth in Ethiopia.

Objective: To identify causes of maternal death in Mizan Aman and Gebretsadik shawo general hospitalsMethodology: A case control study on 595 charts, 119 cases and 476 controls was conducted in MizanAman & Gebretsadik shawo general hospitals. Data was analyzed by STATA 13.1. Propensity scorematching analysis was used to see causes of maternal death.Results: Hemorrhage were the main direct causes of maternal death which accounts 47.9% (β =0.58(95% CI (0.28,0.87)) in hospital but when projected to population based the sample (β =0.26 (95% CI(0.22,0.31)). Followed by infection 36 (25.21%) (β = 0.50 (95% CI (0.08, 0.92)). when projected topopulation based the sample PIH 7.6%) is significant cause (β = 0.16 (95% CI (0.13, 0.19). Most death(74.8%) occurred during post-partum period.Recommendation: The health professionals must work on awareness creation on early arrival at healthinstitution for delivery before development of different complications