Aim:To assess whether antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) could affect serum and hair trace element levels, we studied 40 children with epilepsy. Materials and Methods:Their serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg) and hair Zn levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer prior to and 3 months after therapy with VPA (sodium valproate) or PB (phenobarbital). Results:In both treatments, epileptic children were found to have lower serum Zn concentrations. When serum Zn levels were compared after VPA and PB therapies, those who received PB therapy were observed to have a less significant decrease in serum Zn level. Conclusion:Although none of our patients showed any symptoms of Zn deficiency, we should be cautious about this in patients who receive VPA and/or PB therapy.