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Infection of C57BL/6 mice with Plasmodium berghei ANKA induces a fatal neurological disease commonly referred to as experimental cerebral malaria. The onset of neurological symptoms and mortality depend on pathogenic CD8؉ T cells and elevated parasite burdens in the brain. Here we provide clear evidence of liver damage in this model, which precedes and is independent of the onset of neurological symptoms. Large numbers of parasite-specific CD8؉ T cells accumulated in the liver following P. berghei ANKA infection. However, systemic depletion of these cells at various times during infection, while preventing neurological symptoms, failed to protect against liver damage or ameliorate it once established. In contrast, rapid, drugmediated removal of parasites prevented hepatic injury if administered early and quickly resolved liver damage if administered after the onset of clinical symptoms. These data indicate that CD8 ؉ T cell-mediated immune pathology occurs in the brain but not the liver, while parasite-dependent pathology occurs in both organs during P. berghei ANKA infection. Therefore, we show that P. berghei ANKA infection of C57BL/6 mice is a multiorgan disease driven by the accumulation of parasites, which is also characterized by organ-specific CD8 ؉

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a alternativa de seleção para a população de maracujá-amarelo, estruturada no Delineamento I, para obtenção do melhor ganho genotípico predito. Avaliaram-se seis características produtivas em 113 progênies, nas localidades de Viçosa, MG, e Miracema, RJ, em arranjos de três agrupamentos, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e três plantas por parcela. Foram empregados, para o cálculo dos ganhos preditos, os índices de seleção de Mulamba & Mock, Pesek & Baker, Smith e Hazel e a seleção direta em número de frutos por planta. Foi observada falta de interação entre genótipos e ambiente. As alternativas que demonstraram os maiores ganhos preditos foram a seleção combinada e a seleção entre famílias de machos, com 18,55% para seleção direta em número de frutos por planta pela seleção combinada. O índice de Smith e Hazel apresentou os menores ganhos preditos. Os índices de Mulamba & Mock e Pesek & Baker os maiores ganhos preditos. Os índices aliados às alternativas estudadas têm potencial para a seleção das progênies.Termos para indexação: Passiflora, melhoramento, seleção genotípica, índices de seleção. Selection and heritability in the prediction of genetic gain in yellow passion fruitAbstract -The objective of this research was to evaluate the alternatives of selection for a population of yellow passion fruit, structured in Design I, for obtaining the best genotypic gain prediction. Six traits were evaluated in 113 progenies at two environments: Viçosa, MG, and Miracema, RJ, in Brazil, grouped in three sets in the randomized blocks design, with three replications and three plants per plot. For gain prediction calculation, the indexes of Mulamba & Mock, Pesek & Baker, Smith and Hazel, and the selection based on number of fruits per plants, were used. The absence of interaction genotype versus environment was observed. The alternatives that presented the best genetic gain prediction were the combined selection and selection among male families. Genetic gain prediction, based on combined selection, was 18.55% for direct selection of fruit number per plant. The indexes of Smith and Hazel presented the lowest genetic gain prediction. The indexes of Mulamba & Mock and Pesek & Baker had the highest predicted genetic gain. The indexes allied with alternatives studied have high potential in the selection of the progenies.

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