ObjectivesTo report a case of mechanical aortic prosthesis Brucella endocarditis successfully treated with antibiotics alone.Materials and methods: We describe a clinical case and present a review of the literature.ResultsA 60-year-old female farmer with a mechanical aortic prosthetic valve presented with low back pain and fever. She was diagnosed with prosthetic valve Brucella mellitensis endocarditis and was cured with antibiotic therapy alone. Few cases of successfully treated prosthetic valve Brucella endocarditis without surgery have been reported.ConclusionProsthetic valve Brucella endocarditis usually requires surgical valve replacement. However, selected patients may be successfully treated with antibiotic therapy alone.LEARNING POINTSBrucella endocarditis is responsible for most fatal cases of brucellosis.Brucellosis relapse after treatment in patients with a cardiac valve prosthesis should arouse suspicion for endocarditis.Long-term medical treatment alone can be successful in selected patients with Brucella endocarditis, even in those with prosthetic valve endocarditis..

How to cite this article: Marmelo B, Pereiro T, Sousa P, Capelo J, Carragoso A. Brucella non-neutrocytic bacterascites in a patient with chronic liver disease. EJCRIM 2015;2:doi: 10.12890/2015_000252 Conflicts of Interests:The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Acknowledgements: The authors declare they have patient's permission. This article is licensed under a Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 LicenseABSTRACT Objectives: To report a case of Brucella peritonitis. Patient and Methods:We describe the case of a patient and present a brief review of the few published reports. Results: The patient had alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and was diagnosed with Brucella non-neutrocytic bacterascites. Conclusion: Brucellosis is a common zoonosis with worldwide distribution. It is a systemic disease with the potential to predominantly affect one organ or a specific system (focal brucellosis). However, peritoneal focalization of this disease is a very rare presentation. LEARNING POINTS• Infection of peritoneal fluid can occur in spite of a low ascitic leucocyte count.• Although rarely, Brucella spp. can be the causative agent of peritoneal fluid infection, especially in endemic areas.• Brucella species should be considered potential causative agents of peritoneal fluid infection in patients with risk factors such as chronic liver disease, ventriculoperitoneal shunts and continuous peritoneal dialysis.