This study aims to examine how leader humility affects the relationship between authority and trustworthiness, and its effect on subordinate compliance. This study further addresses the reliability and validity issue to advance the measurement of humility; 300 participants consisting of leader-subordinate dyads of 50 leaders and 250 subordinates contributed to the data collections. This study found that both trustworthiness and authority have impact on subordinate compliance. Through three-way moderating analysis, this study further revealed that a leader’s high humility, along with high trustworthiness under high authority results in the highest compliance, whereas a leader’s high humility combined with low trustworthiness under low authority leads to the lowest compliance. Moreover, although a leader’s personal background showed no relationship with the degree of leader humility, divergent combinations of leader-subordinate backgrounds were found to affect the degree of humility. Based on our findings, we propose that to effectively increase compliance, leader humility must be viewed as a strength when combined with high trustworthiness in high authority situations. This study may prompt future research in exploring humility in the context of virtue versus power, and the effects of humility in leadership. The implications of these findings for both theory and practice are also discussed.

In recent years, the study of humility in leadership has attracted considerable attention. This study first explores the important meaning of humility in leadership. Secondly, it analyses the development trend of the main leadership theory and the function of humility in it. Then, explaining the influence of humility between power and compliance. Compared with hard power, humility is a kind of soft power that leaders can combine these two powers to improve leadership effectiveness. In particular, these important issues have not yet been thoroughly discussed. Finally, this paper suggests the importance of complementary as well as combination of the soft power and hard power to highlight the role of humility in leadership, which may be an important direction for future research.

There is still much controversy about the construct and measurement of humility. This study probes the concept and connotation of humility from different views of China and the West. The humility scale was developed by pre-testing and exploratory factor analysis. This study performed descriptive analysis and regression analysis to examine hypothesis. The results show that the first developed humility scale has good reliability and validity. Authority is positively correlated with some facets of humility, "knowing limits" and "showing courtesy". The top-level leaders have higher "knowing limits" than the middle leaders or below. Leaders over 40 know their limitations better than leaders under 40. Similarly, female leaders are better than men, and unmarried leaders are better than others. Future research needs to further improve the generalization of humility scale. Conclusions and suggestions can be used as a reference for the study of humility in leadership.

Recent studies show that there is a negative correlation between the educational system of cultivating high test scores and the educational effect of innovation and entrepreneurship. Traditional education system attaches great importance to standardized tests, and the overall design can hardly arouse the enthusiasm of learning and the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship. Empirical studies or argumentative teaching is endorsed; yet, combining the two teaching methods in entrepreneurship education is unknown. The aim is to provide the IDEA teaching steps: putting forward ideas, demonstration and mutual evaluation, empirical argumentation, and action plan, through empirical learning method in order to improve the ability to solve problems and achieve the best learning effect. It can not only activate the teaching atmosphere, but also deeply study, stimulate students' innovative and entrepreneurial thinking and actions, and taking into account the integration of learning effectiveness and practical application. Combining learning effect and practical application, it lays a foundation for future efforts in education, research and policy. 基于创新创业培育导向的实践论证教学模式邱灯助 福州外语外贸学院经管学院，福州，中国 关键词：教学模式；创新创业课程；课堂改革；实践论证 摘要：近年研究显示培育出考试高分的教育制度与创新创业精神的教育成效，两者之间呈现 负相关。传统重视标准化测验的教育体制，整体设计难以燃起学习热情与创新创业的能力。 实证研究或论证性教学都已得到认可，但在创业教育中结合这两种教学方法的情况却很少 见。本文目的是提供IDEA教学方法：提出创意-展示互评-实践论证-行动方案，通过实 证学习的方法，来提高解决问题的能力及学习效果。它不仅能激活教学氛围，而且能深入学 习，激发学生的创新创业思维和行动，兼顾学习效果与实际应用的结合。将学习效果与实际 应用相结合，为今后的教育、研究和政策工作奠定基础。 1．引言 从过去一百多年来看，创新与创业能力已不再是少数社会菁英所需要的能力，而是近年 来由于产业结构变迁、消费市场分殊且多元、知识经济的崛起，以及信息传播科技之革新 等，都是创业创业活动兴盛的重要驱动因素[1]。Zhao 从种种趋势罗列出明确的证据，说明 未来社会中需要工作的人愈来愈多，但工作却愈来愈少，唯一的解方是靠自己创造新的工作 机会[2]。创新型创业被视为眼前经济停滞的解方、下一波经济发展的主要驱动力。如何提 升创业精神、鼓励创新创业也成为发展型国家的政策焦点，对于建设创新型国家、创新型大 学与全面推进大学生素质教育有着重要意义[3]。自 2015 年"推动大众创业、万众创新"，国