Using routine data from three clinics offering care to survivors of sexual violence (SV) in Monrovia, Liberia, we describe the characteristics of SV survivors and the pattern of SV and discuss how the current approach could be better adapted to meet survivors' needs. There were 1500 survivors seeking SV care between January 2008 and December 2009. Most survivors were women (98%) and median age was 13 years (Interquartile range: 9-17 years). Sexual aggression occurred during day-to-day activities in 822 (55%) cases and in the survivor's home in 552 (37%) cases. The perpetrator was a known civilian in 1037 (69%) SV events. Only 619 (41%) survivors sought care within 72 h. The current approach could be improved by: effectively addressing the psychosocial needs of child survivors, reaching male survivors, targeting the perpetrators in awareness and advocacy campaigns and reducing delays in seeking care.

No abstract

M uch criticism has been carried out about the consideration of 'gender' in the nursing profession and the establishing of a professional care concept since middle 19th century done by Florence Nightingale.The present work is no more than a reflection about that criticism from an anthropological point of view taking as central topic the considerations called upon by certain feminism theories.For the purpose of a theoretical reflection, a narrative anthropological technique and 'the text' as a working field and as data source will be considered. As Florence Nightingale's works are wide, in order to centre our own, her "Notes of Nursing.What is and what is not" and "Leadership and direction by Florence Nightingale" (Beth Y. Ulrich) will be exploited. KEY WORDS:Florence Nightingale, Nursing, Anthropology, Feminism. RESUMENN umerosas críticas se han hecho sobre el peso del género en la profesión enfermera y la institucionalización del mismo desde la reforma enfermera y profesionalización de los cuidados a mediados del siglo XIX con Florence Nightingale.El siguiente trabajo, no pretende ser más que una reflexión sobre esta crítica desde un punto de vista antropológico tomando como eje de reflexión las aportaciones hechas desde el feminismo de la diferencia.Se utilizará la antropología narrativa, el texto como campo de trabajo y fuente de datos, para la reflexión teórica. La obra de Florence Nightingale es extensa, por lo que, puestos a elegir, el análisis se centrará en su libro "Notas sobre enfermería. Qué es y qué no es" y en "Liderazgo y dirección según Florence Nightingale" (por Beth Y.Ulrich).

The text of this book is printed on Cycle Paper 100/300 gsm made from FSC Recycled Certified paper (wood fibre from well-managed forests certified in accordance with the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)). The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN. This publication has been made possible in part by funding from MAVA Foundation.

El papel que juega la cultura en el proceso salud-enfermedad y más concretamente en el contexto de los cuidados es fundamental. Estamos inmersos en un prisma de sociedades multiculturales en el que se hace imprescindible replantear las situaciones de cuidados e incorporar nuevos enfoques, tanto propios como de otras disciplinas. Los conocimientos antropológicos y su método, pueden ayudar a la disciplina de la enfermería a abordar e ilustrar las situaciones de cuidados y encontrar su dimensión simbólica. Con este artículo se pretende describir la situación académica de la enfermería en España, en relación a su base de conocimientos en Antropología de los Cuidados y analizar la importancia que adquiere, dentro del planteamiento académico del enfermero, su base de conocimientos y su proyección en el futuro.