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We consider the q-Painlevé III equation arising from the birational representation of the affine Weyl group of type (A 2 + A 1 ) (1) . We study the reduction of the q-Painlevé III equation to the q-Painlevé II equation from the viewpoint of affine Weyl group symmetry. In particular, the mechanism of apparent inconsistency between the hypergeometric solutions to both equations is clarified by using factorization of difference operators and the τ functions.

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The UC hierarchy is an extension of the KP hierarchy, which possesses not only an infinite set of positive time evolutions but also that of negative ones. Through a similarity reduction we derive from the UC hierarchy a class of the Schlesinger systems including the Garnier system and the sixth Painlevé equation, which describes the monodromy preserving deformations of Fuchsian linear differential equations with certain spectral types. We also present a unified formulation of the above Schlesinger systems as a canonical Hamiltonian system whose Hamiltonian functions are polynomials in the canonical variables.