The study is devoted to the estimation of pollution deposit caused by vehicles into the city to-tal greenhouse gases emissions and to the forecast of the secondary air pollution with formal-dehyde. The present study contains mathematic model which allows getting the estimation of vehicles emission in the total amount of polluted atmospheric air. The model consists of two intercon-nected parts: a dynamic and a kinetic one. The first part of the model is based on the Theory of Convective Jet and Thermals in the Atmosphere and allows to get the parameters of the contaminated air which is being formed over the highway. The Dynamic part of the model allows to get the total amount of hydrocarbons emission depending on the number of vehicles which is present at the same time on the highway. We also obtain the data on concentration of pollution and temperature increasing in the narrowest section of the thermal jet. The kinetic part of the model allows to determine the concentration of the secondary atmos-pheric air contamination with formaldehyde as a result of photochemical transformation of hydrocarbons which are the part of emission of internal combustion engine. The speed of the transformation reaction was determined by the Can't Hoff-Arrhenius deferential equation. The given mathematical model was tested with the help of the system of regular observation over the polluted atmospheric air in Kyiv city. The comparison of the estimated value of for-maldehyde concentration and the observation data doesn't exceed 5 % above the maximum values. According to average monthly rates there is a false positive error (to + 20 % in the warmest months). Basing on the given model the calculator of concentration of pollution by vehicles was devel-oped. This calculator allows to obtain rapidly the values of formaldehyde concentration, de-pending on air temperature, solar radiation and number of vehicles on the highway. The amount of hydrocarbon emission from the vehicles, according the suggested model, allows to estimate the deposit of vehicles into the total amount of greenhouse gases of the city. The ob-tained results could be useful in forming of ecological policy of the cities and in managerial decision making.
The construction industry has a significant impact on climate change due to the urbanization increase, as cities consume 75% of the world's natural resources and contribute 80% of global greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, the construction and the built environment directly depend on a number of climatic factors. Climatic information is used at all stages of the construction project: concept development, technical design, organization and conduct of construction works, operation of buildings and structures, repair and reconstruction, destruction, utilization and recycling. The role of the construction industry in achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals and reducing the impact on climate change through the implementation of green building principles is analyzed. Green building aims to minimize the negative impact on the environment, and innovative green technologies reduce carbon emissions.
Most of the Green Building Rating Systems have similarities in common more than differences. All of these systems are trying to integrate issues of environmental protection and health in the building. French Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) system identifies 14 environmental targets for building divided into four groups of objectives: site and construction, management, health, comfort. These targets have implications for all steps of the design process and production of the building and also taking into account the land, the landscape, the neighborhood and the transportation systems. The green building construction is a global issue that can find regional solutions. French system is suitable for Ukraine mentality, because for current situation we need new technologies and modern knowledge to developing green building sector. HQE has better innovative extension of the concept to the urban planning operations in compare with other world's leading standards for Green Buildings assessment systems.
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