The article aims to explore the determinants of the process of attracting financial resources for implementing renewable (alternative) energy development projects in Ukraine. The authors review and systematize the sources of funding and innovative financial instruments available for developing renewable energy sources (RES) in developing countries. Based on this, a pool of financial resources/RES development tools available for investment in Ukraine has been formed. It is proposed to build a model of the optimal structure of sources of financing renewable energy development projects. The research is founded on the forecasted schedule for increasing the share of RES in the national energy balance of Ukraine up until 2035. The limitations are connected with the lack of factual data on sources/instruments of funding in the field of RES. The model enables the prediction of the amount of funds that need to be allocated to finance renewable energy development projects, while optimizing the structure of their potential funding. The originality/value of the article lies firstly in the innovative application of the optimization model for forecasting the aggregate structure of funding sources in the energy sector; secondly, in the possibility of testing the model in practice and monitoring RES development projects in the territorial communities of the 78 Carpathian region of Ukraine on the basis of the project-educational center for the development of innovations and investments in the region; thirdly, the proposed model can be used in the activities of state authorities and institutions of Ukraine for forming the policy of supporting alternative energy development projects.

No abstract

The problem of financial inclusion of the population is relevant in developing countries, including Ukraine. Analysis of the state of financial inclusion demonstrated a fairly low level of financial services provided to Ukrainians. The purpose of the article is to assess the level of financial inclusion of households in the regions of Ukraine in the market of bank loans in the pre-war period using cluster analysis tools and justify the possibility of their application for the formation of an effective state-regional policy for the restoration and development of the affected territories, in particular, in the context of ensuring access to bank loans. Cluster analysis was the methodological tool of the study. An algorithm of clustering of regions of Ukraine by the level of financial inclusion of the population in the market of bank loans was designed, taking into account such indicators as the number of bank branches, amount of a loan for one person, interest rates on loans to individuals in the regions. As a result of cluster analysis, four clusters were formed with low, middle, high and advanced-level regions by the level of financial inclusion of the population in the market of bank loans. Most Ukrainian regions (15) were determined as having a low level of access to the market of bank loans. This made it possible to conclude that these regions need special attention from the central and local authorities, as well as from financial institutions in terms of facilitation of public access to banking services. The need to strengthen the financial inclusion of the population in Ukraine during martial law and in the post-war period, taking into account the needs of de-occupied and front-line territories, as well as regions with a large number of internally displaced persons, is substantiated.

The article examines the financing and investment aspects of tourism development in Ukraine, considering its importance for sustainable and inclusive growth. The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems of financing and investment development of tourism nowadays. However, the current economic outlook is highly uncertain as the coronavirus pandemic continues to develop. Thereby, there is a higher degree of uncertainty attached to the baseline forecast than under normal circumstances. The current research results make it possible to activate the financial and investment component through the grants attraction.