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In the article the advantages of introduction and reasons of low efficiency of the quality management system at the machine-building enterprises are determined. The methods and tools of the quality management system are considered. The conducted analysis of publications has made it possible to distinguish areas in which studies are carried out on the implementation and effective use of the quality management system at machine-building enterprises. A comparative analysis of two versions of ISO 9001 standards has been performed. A functional scheme of product quality management has been developed. The work of domestic and foreign authors on the assessment of the effectiveness of the quality management system is considered. The proposed method will allow controlling the quality of products at all stages of theirs production. The application of this method makes it possible to assess the functioning of the processes of the machine-building enterprise to determine the most critical ones in terms of quality, as well as can be used to assess both the basic processes of production and the assessment of elements or operations.