No abstract

The 600 nt long sequences preceeding the first large ORFs (ORF VII) of three caulimoviruses, although varying in primary sequence, can be folded into a large stem/loop structure centered around a conserved stretch of 36 nucleotides. Deletions of the conserved sequence delay symptom appearance considerably, but do not affect expression of a reporter gene in plant protoplasts. Another striking similarity between the leaders concerns the number and distribution of small open reading frames (sORF) they carry. Expression of two of these sORFs was tested by fusion of a reporter gene: both were expressed in plant protoplasts.

No abstract

We report on a 3.8-year-old girl who was born preterm. Due to a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus she had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed mild atrophy of the left cerebellum. She was found unresponsive in a febrile state. After the application of midazolam she regained consciousness. There were no epileptic discharges on electroencephalogram. MRI with diffusion-weighted sequences showed areas of hyperintensity in the right cerebrum. After the patient deteriorated again, MRI showed signs of increased intracranial pressure and high signal intensity throughout the right cerebral and left cerebellar hemispheres, suggesting crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) most likely resulting from a nonconvulsive status epilepticus (SE). A follow-up MRI showed progressive brain atrophy. CCD after SE might be caused by cortical excitatory input through the cortico-pontine-cerebellar pathway. Alternatively, the cerebral edema in SE may decrease neuronal cell activity in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere. The unilateral cerebellar atrophy before the onset of CCD might be attributed to impaired neuronal connections after peripartal cerebral injury. This case presents a young child with a combination of two CCDs, at first due to perinatal brain injury, and at second to SE. MRI with diffusion-weighted sequences can detect CCD at an early stage.

No abstract