The predictive value of cervical cytology and uterine curettage in 150 endometrial carcinoma was investigated. Cytology proved negative in 56% of all carcinomas and in 42.2% of those in stage 2 or 3. Uterine curettage was found to have a false-negative rate of 6%, endocervical curettage of 5.3%. By contrast, we found a high false-positive rate of 70.8% for endocervical curettage. 13.2% of the 129 endometrial carcinoma stage 1 had a false-positive endocervical fraction. No residual disease was found in 4.7% of all 150 hysterectomy specimens. Negative cervical cytology seems to be a reasonably good predictor of actual cervical involvement, if a positive endocervical curettage is to be interpreted.