Background Several authors have correlated the increase of cardiovascular risk with the
nutritional status, however there are different criteria for the classification of
overweight and obesity in children. Objectives To evaluate the performance of three nutritional classification criteria in
children, as definers of the presence of obesity and predictors of high blood
pressure in schoolchildren. MethodsEight hundred and seventeen children ranging 6 to 13 years old, enrolled in public
schools in the municipality of Vila Velha (ES) were submitted to anthropometric
evaluation and blood pressure measurement. The classification of the nutritional
status was established by two international criteria (CDC/NCHS 2000 and IOTF 2000)
and one Brazilian criterion (Conde e Monteiro 2006). ResultsThe prevalence of overweight was higher when the criterion of Conde e Monteiro
(27%) was used, and inferior by the IOTF (15%) criteria. High blood pressure was
observed in 7.3% of children. It was identified a strong association between the
presence of overweight and the occurrence of high blood pressure, regardless of
the test used (p < 0.001). The test showing the highest sensitivity in
predicting elevated BP was the Conde e Monteiro (44%), while the highest
specificity (94%) and greater overall accuracy (63%), was the CDC criterion. ConclusionsThe prevalence of overweight in Brazilian children is higher when using the
classification criterion of Conde e Monteiro, and lower when the criterion used is
IOTF. The Brazilian classification criterion proved to be the most sensitive
predictor of high BP risk in this sample.
Overweight and family history constitute the main risk markers of high BP in children. The low frequency of BP measurement in children observed in this municipality contributes to the underdiagnosis of the disease, with irreversible consequences for these individuals.
Advances in human reproductive science are allowing women to get
pregnant even at advanced ages. Thus, the incidence of arrhythmic events
in pregnancy is rising and represents a significant cause of
hospitalization and morbidity for mother and fetus. The most common
arrhythmias in this context are atrial fibrillation and supraventricular
tachycardia, which acutely can be managed, as usual, with adenosine or
cardioversion, and beta blockers in the long-term. For recurrent cases,
sodium blockers, such as propafenone, or even fluoroless cardiac
ablation can be used. In the context of maternal congenital heart
disease, ventricular tachycardia can occur, demanding a specific
approach including cardiac defibrillator implant. Unfortunately, the
medical evidence in this context is scarce, and most available reviews
don’t have the objectivity needed to guide daily’s practice. This review
aims to be a straightforward guide to the approach to tachyarrhythmias
in pregnancy.
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