Abstractque a maior parte dos problemas de saúde no mundo é em decorrência de substâncias lícitas (álcool, tabaco) e não das ilíci-tas (cocaína, maconha, heroína, dentre outras).Entre os dez principais fatores de risco, em termos da carga das doenças evitáveis, o tabaco era o quarto e o álcool quinto, em 2000, e continuam no topo da lista das previsões para 2010 e 2020.A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estima que haja aproximadamente 2 bilhões de pessoas em todo o mundo que consomem bebidas alcoólicas e 76,3 milhões apresentam algum tipo de desordem por causa do uso do álcool. Os índi-ces de mortalidade e morbidades associadas a tal consumo são consideráveis em todas as partes do mundo. O álcool causa 1,8 milhão de mortes (3,2% do total) e uma perda de 58,3 milhões (4% do total) dos anos de inabilidade ajustados à vida (DALY) 1 .REVISÃO REVIEW
Objective To investigate the association between exposure to domestic violence and increased risk of internalizing and externalizing problems and substance use among adolescents living with relatives with substance use disorder (SUD) at a low-income community of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years (M = 14.2, SD = 1.7) who were living with relatives suffering from SUD. Outcomes were measured using the Youth Self-Report (YSR), psychosocial stress factors questionnaire, Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and Phrase Inventory of Intrafamily Child Abuse (PIICA). Results The sample presented high prevalence of emotional/behavioral problems with YSR’s scores in the clinical range for Internalizing Problems (24.5%), Externalizing Problems (21.6%), and Total Problems (26.5%). The presence of mental health problems predicted substance use (PR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.2-4.13), and substance use predicted increased risk of mental health problems. Alcohol use predicted more than double the risk of emotional/behavioral problems (PR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.08-3.76), while illicit drug use was associated with an almost threefold increase in the prevalence of Internalizing (PR = 2.87; 95% CI = 1.19-6.89) and Externalizing Problems (PR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.35-8.04). Conclusion Adolescents of relatives with SUD are at risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems. These findings reinforce the need to develop public mental health policies, which include protective interventions to adolescents living in families affected by substance use disorders.
Children living with substance abusers are more likely to experience negative outcomes. Our goal was to compare caregivers' reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and a socioeconomic and risk form of psychological aspects of children exposed to substance abuse assisted versus not assisted by a preventive intervention program in an underprivileged community. This observational intervention study was conducted with 66 caregivers of children who attended the program and 35 caregivers of children from the same community who did not attend. Ages ranged between six and 11 years old. Chi-square and logistic regression tests indicate that children exposed to substance abusers have more mental health problems than the general population and those who did not participate in the preventive intervention program presented worse outcomes, with higher rates of behavioral/emotional problems and exposure to risk situations. Results suggest that preventive actions might be helpful to promote the mental health of children at risk, validating the need for public policies and services.Keywords: substance-related disorders, child behavior checklist, mental health, risk factors, drug abuse prevention Problemas Emocionais e Comportamentais de Crianças que Convivem com Familiares Dependentes Químicos: Desafios de Prevenção em uma Comunidade Suburbana DesfavorecidaResumo: Crianças que convivem com usuários de substâncias psicoativas são mais propensas a apresentar problemas. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar, a partir dos relatos dos cuidadores no Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) e numa ficha de dados sociodemográficos e de fatores de risco, aspectos psicológicos de crianças expostas ao abuso de substâncias assistidas e não assistidas por um programa de intervenção preventiva, em uma comunidade desfavorecida. O estudo observacional de intervenção foi conduzido com 66 cuidadores de crianças que passaram pela intervenção e 35 da mesma comunidade que não foram atendidas. A faixa etária era de seis a 11 anos. Os testes qui-quadrado e regressão logística indicaram que as crianças expostas ao abuso de substâncias apresentaram mais problemas de saúde mental do que a população geral e que aquelas que não participaram do programa preventivo apresentaram desfechos piores, com escores mais elevados de problemas emocionais/comportamentais e maior exposição a situações de risco. Sugere-se que ações preventivas podem contribuir para a promoção de saúde mental em crianças em situação de risco, validando a necessidade de políticas e serviços públicos.Palavras-chave: transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias, lista de verificação comportamental para crianças, saúde mental, fatores de risco, prevenção do abuso de drogas Problemas Emocionales y de Comportamiento en Niños que Viven con Familiares Adictos: Desafios de Prevención en una Comunidad Suburbana DesfavorecidaResumen: Los niños que viven con consumidores de drogas son más propensos a tener problemas. Nuestro objetivo fue comparar, a partir de los informes de los cuidadores e...
Other Reasons for Leaving (OR). Results: In the Active group, 26% of mothers had completed high-school and 11% belonged to the A/B socioeconomic classes. The TD group showed the highest percentages of wage earning parents (52%) living together (64%). In the WIRL group, 17% of the mothers were illiterate or had not completed primary education, and 23% of the fathers were unemployed. In the WI group, 22% lived in houses that had been lent to them. Conclusions: Results indicate the impact of addiction and underprivileged conditions (such as housing status, fathers' level of education, and socioeconomic status) on retention in the service and the importance of health prevention and promotion strategies aimed at this population.
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