ResumoIntrodução: A halitose é uma condição em que o hálito se apresenta de forma desagradável, acometendo milhares de pessoas e causando impacto negativo para as mesmas. Objetivo: A presente pesquisa em campo buscou avaliar a percepção pessoal em relação à condição de halitose por meio de aplicação de questionário específico e confirmação clínica. Material e método: A amostra foi composta por 59 indivíduos entre 20 e 60 anos de idade, usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Araraquara, que foram selecionados de forma aleatória. A metodologia empregada constituiu-se de: i) Assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido; ii) Aplicação de questionário especialmente elaborado para esta pesquisa; iii) Confirmação clínica, com a aplicação do teste com halímetro (Tanita Breath Alert CHC-212S). Após o experimento, todos receberam folhetos informativos com dados gerais sobre halitose. Os resultados obtidos foram agrupados em tabelas de contingência, construídas pelo Microsoft Excel, sendo então analisados pelo teste do Qui-quadrado. Resultado e conclusão: Após análises, conclui-se que as pessoas perderam a capacidade de perceber o próprio hálito quando tinham halitose; não tiveram condições de se autoavaliarem de forma eficaz; os fatores de riscos que influenciaram na halitose foram: idade superior aos 40 anos, uso de alguns tipos de medicamentos, algumas patologias, frequência de visita ao Dentista e falhas em procedimentos de higiene bucal, tais como escovação dentária, uso do fio dental, limpeza da língua e limpeza de próteses. Os outros fatores pesquisados não se mostraram estatisticamente suficientes para estabelecerem relação de influência na halitose.Descritores: Halitose; diagnóstico; bactérias anaeróbias. AbstractIntroduction: Halitosis is a condition characterized by unpleasant breath, affecting thousands of people and causing a negative impact on them. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate self-perception of halitosis condition by applying a specific questionnaire and having clinical evaluation. Material and method: The sample was composed by 59 randomly selected voluntaries between the ages of 20 and 60 years old who were users of Basic Health Units of Araraquara. The methodologies applied were: 1. Signature of informed consent; 2. Application of standardized questionnaire specially designed for this research; 3. Clinical confirmation through halimeter (Tanita Breath Alert CHC-212S). After the experimental phase, all the volunteers received a document with general information about halitosis (causes and treatment). The results were grouped in Microsoft Excel tables and analyzed by Chi-square test. Result and conclusion: After the analyses, it was concluded that people had lost the ability to perceive their own breath when they had halitosis and they are unable to evaluate themselves effectively; the risky factors that influenced the halitosis were: people over the age of 40, the use some types of drugs, some diseases, frequency of visit to the dentist and poor oral hygiene including bad...

This in vitro study evaluated the anti-erosive effect of an experimental varnish containing 5% stannous chloride (SnCl₂) associated with different concentrations of NaF (NaF-free, 2.5% NaF, or 5.2% NaF) on bovine enamel and root dentin. One hundred samples were pre-eroded (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6, 10 min) and randomized into five groups (n=10 for each substrate): Negative control - milli-Q water; NaF-free - Experimental varnish SnCl₂-free and NaF-free; 2.5 NaF - Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 2.5% NaF; 5.2 NaF: Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 5.2% NaF and positive control - Commercial varnish containing 5% NaF (Duraphat). After the varnishes were applied, the erosive and abrasive challenges were carried out for five days. Loss of tooth structure (TSL) was determined by optical profilometry, and the loss of calcium (ΔCa2+) using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Dentin analysis was also performed by SEM. A one-way ANOVA/Bonferroni test was performed to analyze the data (α=0.05). The experimental 2.5 NaF and 5.2 NaF groups showed greater effectiveness in preventing TSL when compared to the other groups (p <0.05), regardless of the substrate. In addition, these groups showed lower loss in Ca2+ content when compared to the other groups (p <0.05), for enamel and dentin. Dentin showed greater TSL and ΔCa2+ loss when compared to enamel in all treatments (p <0.05). The 5.2% and 2.5% NaF-containing experimental varnishes showed promising results in both, the prevention of TSL and the loss of Ca2+, regardless of the substrate studied.

ResumoIntrodução: A evolução dos sistemas adesivos permitiu que os fabricantes desenvolvessem materiais com técnicas cada vez mais simplificadas, porém que, ainda assim, promovessem adequados valores de resistência de união imediata. Sugere-se que alguns tratamentos da superfície dentinária podem favorecer esse processo de adesão. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes tratamentos, em superfície dentinária plana condicionada, sobre a resistência de união à microtração de sistemas adesivos do tipo "condiciona-e-lava" de dois passos. Material e método: Noventa e seis terceiros molares humanos foram divididos em 12 grupos (n=8), aleatoriamente, de acordo com o sistema adesivo utilizado (GI: Adper Single Bond 2 -3M ESPE; GII: Prime & Bond 2.1 -Dentsply; GIII: Excite -Ivoclar Vivadent) e o tipo de tratamento do substrato dentinário condicionado (a: água; b: clorexidina + água; c: etanol; d: clorexidina + etanol). Todos os dentes foram restaurados com resina Charisma na cor A2 (Heraeus -Kulzer, Germany) e submetidos a ensaio mecânico de microtração (EMIC DL-2000). O teste estatístico realizado foi ANOVA a um fator, completado com teste de Tukey. Resultado: Os grupos GIIc, GIIIc e GIId apresentaram aumento significativo estatisticamente na resistência de união à microtração imediata. Conclusão: Os diferentes tratamentos da dentina condicionada não afetaram de maneira negativa a resistência de união para todos os sistemas adesivos testados e a utilização da técnica com etanol, associado ou não à clorexidina, parece ser uma interessante abordagem quando associada a sistemas adesivos "condiciona-e-lava" de dois passos.Descritores: Adesivos dentinários; dentina; clorexidina; etanol; resistência de união. AbstractIntroduction: The development of adhesive systems allow manufacturers to develop materials with increasingly simplified techniques, but that still would promote adequate resistance values of immediate union. It is suggested that some treatments of dentin surface can facilitate the process of accession. Objective: To evaluate the effects of different treatments in conditioned flat dentin surface on bond strength to microtensile 2-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems. Material and method: Ninety-six human third molars were divided into twelve groups (n = 8) randomly according to the used adhesive system (GI: Single Bond 2 -3M ESPE; GII: Prime & Bond 2.1 -Dentsply; GIII: Excite -Ivoclar Vivadent) and type of treatment of the conditioned dentin (a: water; b: water + chlorhexidine; c: ethanol; d: chlorhexidine + ethanol). All teeth were restored with Charisma color A2 (Heraeus -Kulzer, Germany) and subjected to mechanical testing microtensile (EMIC DL-2000). The statistical test performed was ANOVA 1 factor supplemented with Tukey test. Result: GIIc groups GIIIc and GIId showed statistically significant increase in bond strength to immediate microtensile. Conclusion: The different treatments of dentin did not affect negatively the bond strength for all tested adhesive systems and the use of the technique with ethano...

Resin-based composites (RBCs) have transformed restorative dentistry and its procedures. However, the characteristics of RBCs have been modified over the years to enhance the physical and chemical properties of the materials. This context raises the need for studies that evaluate whether the properties of the RBCs that are commercially available are clinically adequate with different curing modes. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of commercial RBCs after undergoing different curing modes. Twenty-three RBCs of different classes were evaluated. For curing the specimens, a microwave (BMS45, Brastemp) (for 3 min at 450 W) and three LED units were used: an Emitter A Fit (Schuster (second generation)) (light-curing for 15 s with an irradiance of 1250 mW/cm2), VALO (Ultradent (third generation)) (light-curing for 15 s with an irradiance of 1100 mW/cm2), and Emitter Now Duo (Schuster (second generation)) (light-curing for 15 s with an irradiance of 1100 mW/cm2). A total of 670 RBC specimens of 8 mm in diameter and 1 mm in depth were obtained. Afterward, a biaxial flexure strength test was performed until the failure of the specimens, using a universal testing machine set at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. The same specimens were subjected to infrared spectroscopy for evaluating the degree of conversion. Tukey’s test was used for multiple comparisons at a significance level of 5%. The light-curing mode did not affect the flexure strength of the RBCs (p > 0.05), but the type and shade of RBCs did so (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the type of RBC directly interferes with the mechanical behavior of the material. However, the curing modes within the same RBC did not change the mechanical properties.