The technology of 3D printing in construction causes great interest by increasing the speed and accuracy of building structures, reducing labor costs, construction waste and risks to human health. Today, the principles of 3D-printing actually are interpretations of the existing monolithic or prefabricated technology. This requires the development of high-performance materials for the extrusion of functional structures. The paper shows the example of the effectiveness application of high-strength lightweight fiber-reinforced concrete with a complex of structural and thermal insulation properties in 3D-printing technology. It has been established that the use of high-strength lightweight fiber-reinforced concrete for 3D-printing provides an increase in the useful space by 1.1...5.4 %, a reduction in the material consumption of wall structures by 6.1...19.1 % and a reduction in the number of machine hours by 29.6...37.4 %. The total technical and economic efficiency of using such a material for a standard or optimized wall section is 30.8...50.4 %.

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The knowledge of cement concretes and the availability of raw materials allows them to be used for 3D-printing technology in construction. One of the ways to increase the strength and reduce the shrinkage of the extruded layers is the introduction of reinforcing fibers into the mixture. An important task is the selection of effective types and concentrations of fiber. In this work, research on the selection of such fibers for compositions of high-strength lightweight concrete on hollow microspheres has been carried out. The optimal content of fiber which provides an acceptable decrease in mobility and the greatest strength of concrete is 1.25…1.5 % of the mass of Portland cement. It was found that the studied concretes on hollow microspheres have a reliable connection at the «steel-concrete» interface. The adhesion strength to metal reinforcement with a diameter of 8…12 mm is 6.1… 10.1 MPa with a relative deformation of 0.097…0.025 mm/mm. High-strength lightweight fiber-reinforced concrete has low air permeability parameters, corresponding to the high water permeability grade W20. Such concrete with an average density of 1400 kg/m3 has high frost resistance F1800.

А Н Н О ТА Ц И Я : представлен международный опыт реализации технологии 3D-печати в строительстве. Выполнен анализ существующих технологических решений отечественных и зарубежных организаций (WinSun,