No abstract

No abstract

INTRODUCTION Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality used for the assessment of infratentorial neoplasms. Although Computed Tomography (CT) provides better demonstration of small or subtle calcifications within tumors. OBJECTIVES Study is done to assess the potential of MRI in characterisation of different tumors in posterior fossa by evaluating various unenhanced and gadolinium enhanced sequences and to compare high resolution FSE MRI sequences with routine FSE MRI sequences in diagnosing posterior fossa brain tumors. Also correlate findings on Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Pathological diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 52 patients were diagnosed by CT brain as having posterior fossa brain for a year of 2 years were included in the study. In all studies MR imaging was performed with a clinical 1.5 T system (General electrical medical systems). A dedicated phased-array coil was used. RESULTS The age group ranged from 1 year to 60 years, majority were between 1 to 20 years (39%). Slight male preponderance was seen (males 29, females 23). Commonest tumor encountered in our study was vestibular schwannoma. DWI alone can differentiate different pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors. One case of pilocytic astrocytoma showed solid lesion instead of typical cystic lesion with mural nodule. One case AT-RT showed 2 lesions one in cerebrum, one in CP angle. Common feature being intra-axial lesion involving cerebellum. MRI was able to predict diagnosis in 50 of the 52 tumors. CONCLUSION Magnetic Resonance Imaging was found to be a highly sensitive imaging procedure and method of choice for posterior fossa brain tumors.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rarely encountered complication in patients following kidney transplantation and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis is often difficult due to the lack of classic symptoms and laboratory findings. Herein, we report the case of azathioprine-induced AP leading to acute kidney injury in a kidney transplant recipient, in whom we have encountered diagnostic difficulty. Patient spontaneously recovered after drug withdrawal. We propose a step-wise diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of AP in kidney transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND Paediatric calvarial mass lesions are common and can have prognostic and therapeutic implications based on the type of lesions. The spectrum of lesions can extend from benign lesions like cephalhaematoma, which is a common postnatal swelling in the paediatric scalp to severe lesions like neuroblastoma metastases. Therefore, proper diagnosis of these lesions is of prime importance in day to day practice which can help in accurate management of these lesions. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of paediatric calvarial masses. METHODS In our prospective observational study, during a period of 1 year (October 2019 to October 2020) 26 children with visible swelling on the calvarium were subjected to CT examination. The imaging features of various paediatric calvarial lesions on CT were noted. RESULTS Out of 26 paediatric patients, which included infants from 1 day of life to children of 7 years age, the most common age of presentation was less than one-year age group. The most common type of calvarial mass lesion was cephalhaematoma and the next most common mass lesion was dermoid cyst. CT could diagnose all the lesions based on the image morphology with clear delineation of their extent. 16 cases had isolated soft tissue involvement (cephal haematoma, sub galeal haematoma, lipoma, dermoid cyst) whereas ten lesions like encephalocele, osteomyelitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), fibrous dysplasia, neuroblastoma metastases, lymphoma deposits had both soft tissue and bone involvement. CONCLUSIONS Accurate detection, characterisation and delineation of the lesions are important in management of the various paediatric calvarial masses. CT is a useful imaging tool in confirming the diagnosis and also for anatomical delineation in certain cases requiring surgical management. It also helps in detecting associated intracranial extension of the lesions. KEYWORDS Calvarial Masses, Paediatric, Computed Tomography