This study quantifies the increased prevalence of and additional medical costs associated with related comorbidities in patients with OAB, emphasizing that the economic and clinical impact of OAB extends beyond the disease itself. Thus, management of patients with OAB should be of greater focus with both clinicians and health care payers.

Treatment interruptions and non-adherence with imatinib, both of which could lead to undesired clinical and economic outcomes, appear to be prevalent. Physicians and pharmacists should educate patients and closely monitor adherence to therapy, as improving adherence and limiting treatment interruptions may not only optimise clinical outcomes but also reduce the economic burden of CML.

C hronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a bone marrow and blood disorder accounting for 15% of adult leukemias. 1 CML is associated with a chromosomal abnormality where there is a translocation of chromosomes 9 and 22, which code for the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. The American Cancer Society estimates there will be 5,980 new cases of CML diagnosed (3,130 in men and 2,850 in women) during 2014 and 810 people will die of CML during this same time period.2 The median age at onset is 67 years, but CML occurs in all age groups.The 5-year survival rates for CML have increased dramatically with improved treatments, from 31% between 1990 and 1992 Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment is lifelong, and while it is important for patients to remain adherent to treatment, there are conflicting findings with respect to differences in adherence and persistence with dasatinib or nilotinib during second-line treatment.

Within usual clinical care for the managed care population examined, warfarin remains underused despite current guidelines recommending its use in nearly all patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Although utilization of anticoagulation clinics and INR values attained were unknown in this study, the observed risk reductions for ischemic stroke and thromboembolism were lower than those achieved in clinical trials, while no increased risk for hemorrhage was observed. These findings suggest that warfarin is used conservatively, and dosed cautiously, diminishing the full potential benefit of anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

We estimate that 412,000 women in the United States are diagnosed with CIN annually, with an associated cost of approximately $570 million.