RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o farelo de algaroba como substituto do milho em dietas para juvenis de tilápia do Nilo. Foram formuladas quatro dietas experimentais isoproteicas (34% proteína bruta) e isocalóricas (3.150 kcal kg -1 energia digestível) correspondente aos níveis de substituição (0, 33, 66 e 100%) do milho pelo farelo de algaroba. Duzentos e quarenta juvenis de tilápia (1,55 ± 0,02 g) foram alojados em caixas circulares (20 peixes por caixa de 310 L), em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (n = 3). Os peixes foram alimentados até a aparente saciedade em três refeições diárias (8:30, 12:30 e 16:30 h) durante 70 dias. Devido à baixa temperatura da água (23,8 ± 1,2 °C), registrou-se baixo crescimento e eficiência alimentar dos peixes no experimento. O ganho de peso, o consumo alimentar, a eficiência alimentar, a taxa de crescimento específico e a composição química corporal dos juvenis de tilápia foram similares (P > 0,05) em todos os tratamentos. A sobrevivência aumentou linearmente (P < 0,05) com a inclusão do farelo de algaroba na ração. O farelo de algaroba pode substituir totalmente o milho na dieta de juvenis de tilápia do Nilo durante períodos de baixa temperatura da água. Palavras-chave: ingredientes alternativos, nutrição de peixes, piscicultura Replacing corn by mesquite meal (Prosopis juliflora) in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia reared in low temperature ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was evaluating mesquite meal as a substitute for corn in diets for Nile tilapia juveniles. Four isoproteic (34% crude protein) and isocaloric (3,150 kcal kg -1 digestible energy) diets were formulated corresponding to replacement levels (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of corn by mesquite meal. Two hundred and forty tilapia juveniles (1.55 ± 0.02 g) were housed in circular tanks (20 fish per tank of 310 L) in a completely randomized experimental design (n = 3). Fish were fed to apparent satiation three meal per day (8:30 a.m., 12:30 p.m. and 4:30 p.m.) for 70 days. Because low water temperature (23.8 ± 1.2 °C), was registered low growth and feed efficiency of fish at experiment. Tilapia juveniles weight gain, feed intake, specific growth rate and body composition were similar (P > 0.05) in all treatments. Survival increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing whole mesquite meal levels in diets. Mesquite meal can completely replace corn in Nile tilapia juvenile diets during periods of low water temperature.
The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC's) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and gross energy (GE) of conventional feedstuffs (cottonseed meal-CSM, soybean meal-SBM, wheat bran-WHB, corn-COR) and regional alternative feedstuffs (common bean residue meal-CBR, mesquite meal-MES, pasta by-product meal-PBM) were determined for hybrid juvenile tambacu Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus mesopotamicus. The apparent DM and GE digestibility of feedstuffs decreased (p<0.05) as fiber content of the ingredients increased. No differences (p>0.05) were found among ADC's of PBM and COR. The lowest CP ADC among energy sources was observed in MES; the lowest CP ADC among plant protein sources was observed in CBR. Information about the ADC's of conventional and alternative feedstuffs for tambacu is essential to formulate low-cost diets and can contribute to regional development.
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