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Condutas negativas à saúde em estudantes universitários brasileiros Risk behaviors to health in Brazilian college students

RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à autopercepção negativa de saúde em adolescentes catarinenses.Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de delineamento transversal com adolescentes do ensino médio das escolas públicas do Estado de Santa Catarina (n=5.028). A autopercepção negativa de saúde foi analisada em função das variáveis: sexo, renda familiar, prática de atividade física, tabagismo, etilismo, drogas ilícitas e autopercepção de estresse. Aplicouse a regressão logística binária para medidas de associação.Resultados: A prevalência de autopercepção negativa de saúde foi maior nas moças (17,6%) em relação aos rapazes (9,6%; p<0,0001). Valores superiores de Odds Ratio (OR) foram observados para as moças (OR 1,99; IC95% 1,66-2,38), adolescentes pertencentes às famílias de menor renda (OR 1,54; IC95% 1,08-2,20), fumantes (OR 2,00; IC95% 1,35-2,94) e que referiram autopercepção negativa de estresse (OR 3,36; IC95% 2,12).Conclusões: Os adolescentes do sexo feminino, os de menor renda familiar, além dos fumantes e os que perceberam negativamente o estresse apresentaram níveis de autopercepção negativa de saúde superiores aos dos seus pares.Palavras-chave: nível de saúde; conduta de saúde; adolescente. ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with negative self-rated health among adolescents in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with a representative sample of 5,028 adolescents who were attending public highschools. The negative self-rated health was analyzed in relation to the following variables: gender, income, physical activity practice, smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use and self-rated stress. The binary logistic regression was carried out to test associations.Results: The prevalence of negative self-rated health was higher among girls (17.6%) in comparison to boys (9.6%; p<0.0001). Higher values of Odds Ratio (OR) were associated with female gender (OR 1.99; 95%CI 1.66-2.38), lower socioeconomic status (OR 1.54; 95%CI 1.08-2.20), smoking (OR 2.00; 95%CI 1.35-2.94), and negative self-rated stress (OR 3.36;.Conclusions: Female adolescents, those with lower socioeconomic status, smokers and those who negatively perceived stress presented higher levels of negative self-rated health.

Objective:To compare the prevalence of excess of body weight between the surveys conducted in the years 2010, 2012 and 2014, in college students from the same institution. Methods: Three cross-sectional surveys were carried out in representative samples of students of a public institution. The excess of body weight was estimated by the body mass index and compared between the surveys, using the χ 2 test for linear trend, in each of the categories: sociodemographic, link with the university and health-related behaviors. Results: There were 1,069, 1,074 and 1,031 participants in the surveys in 2010, 2012 and 2014, respectively. Between surveys, the prevalence of overweight increased in men (2010: 30.1%; 2014: 36.4%), but not in women. There was an increased prevalence of excess body weight for the categories of sociodemographic variables link with the university and health-related behaviors in men and women. Conclusion: An increasing prevalence of excess body weight in college students was observed in the surveys. The conduction of interventions aimed at maintaining body weight is essential in order to avoid possible diseases associated with the concentrations of fat in inadequate levels.

The prevalence of central obesity was high in the population studied. Demographic and socioeconomic factors were strongly associated with central obesity in both sexes. The knowledge of factors associated with central obesity may help the implementation of health interventions in order to prevent this core issue in Public Health.