This article analyses the use of facial recognition technology (FRT) in (semi-)public spaces with a focus in the Brazilian context. Therefore, the operation of the FRT processing chain is addressed, as well as the juridical nature of the facial signature, focusing mainly in the Brazilian data protection framework. FRT has been used in everyday life for several purposes, such as security, digital ranking, targeted marketing and health protection. However, the indiscriminate use of FRT poses high risks to privacy and data protection. In this perspective, to avoid harms such as inaccuracy, normalisation of cyber-surveillance and lack of transparency, safeguards were identified to guarantee individual rights, such as soft law, oversight, international standards and regulatory sandboxes.
One way to encourage students to think about their own mental models in Mathematics, especially in Dynamic Geometry (DG), is to allow them to investigate and manipulate variables, by changing their values and trying to observe how they behave. The sharing of individual perspectives also helps students to converge to a common understanding about the subjects discussed. In this paper, we propose a collaboration model for learning geometry, where the combination of the approaches, (learning through experimentation and collaborative learning) provides a rich environment that allows interactions between a student and an object, interactions among students, or interactions among groups of students. This paper describes Tabulae, an educational tool designed to tackle the problem of teaching Math using DG and synchronous communication within computer networks.
This article examines how the debates on a right to encryption, understood within the framework of digital constitutionalism, may be impacted by the development of quantum computing. An important question is how to ensure that fundamental rights and freedoms in the digital environment are adequately preserved, especially considering that the development of quantum capabilities is likely to occur in a disparate manner between developed and developing countries. For this reason, the article brings as an example the case of Brazil, a country that has a significant history of discussing digital rights and in which the issue of encryption is currently in debate before the Supreme Court. The paper is structured in three main parts, beginning with an overview of the discussions on the idea of a right to encryption within digital constitutionalism initiatives, particularly in Brazil. Next, the article examines how the development of quantum technologies may impact encryption, analyzing both technical and geopolitical repercussions of the race for quantum supremacy. Finally, it assesses the potential impacts of quantum computing on the enjoyment of fundamental rights in the digital environment and examines three different approaches: the development of post-quantum cryptography standards, the adjustment of domestic policies and further development of flexible legal and regulatory strategies, and global cooperation through binding and non-binding legal instruments. To conclude, the paper assesses the specific challenges faced by developing countries, such as Brazil, in connecting the debate on fundamental rights with the new technical and legal issues raised by emerging technologies.
Even though technological tools do exist in abundance and provide plenty of ways and channels for the transmission of knowledge, the educational universe still faces a lack of mature technologies that allow students and teachers to sketch their ideas using the kind of graphic representation demanded by mathematical notation. In this paper, we describe an innovative e-learning platform designed to enhance the communication of content among students, and facilitate e-learning strategies to deliver education both to students who are not physically on site as well as to those in situations where they are present in the classroom or computer laboratory.
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