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LH had greater improvements in total sperm count (TSC) and total motile sperm count (TMSC). Men with lower FSH had greater improvements in T, sperm concentration, and TSC. Azoospermic men showed least improvement across all semen parameters. No significant differences in magnitude of improvement were observed between oligozoospermia sub-categorizations (mild, moderate, severe) and normospermia.CONCLUSIONS: Not all patients experience the same benefit from clomiphene. Our data suggest that men with azoospermia do not significantly benefit. Degree of non-azoospermia did not affect magnitude of improvement. Men with lower gonadotropin levels may expect greater degree of improvement in both hormone and semen parameters.

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