This review seeks to present a comprehensive picture of recent discussions in the social sciences of the anticipated impact of AI on the world of work. Issues covered include: technological unemployment, algorithmic management, platform work and the politics of AI work. The review identifies the major disciplinary and methodological perspectives on AI’s impact on work, and the obstacles they face in making predictions. Two parameters influencing the development and deployment of AI in the economy are highlighted: the capitalist imperative and nationalistic pressures.
The concept of equity is clearly important in Thomas Hobbes's philosophy. In his writings he repeatedly employs it in significant load bearing ways, particularly in the areas of civil law and governance. Equity is, however, not directly addressed in a sustained way in his core works and-perhaps even more frustratingly-it is often applied in ways which ask more questions about the concept than they answer. This presents an impediment to accurately understanding what equity really means to Hobbes. His late Dialogue Between a Philosopher and a Student of the Common Laws of England (1681) seems to offer a solution to this challenge. This work contains extensive discussion on equity, including on the application of equity in relationship to absolute rule. However, equity in the Dialogue is not always the same as what we see in Hobbes's core works. The question is, did Hobbes change his mind on equity? This article argues no. Hobbes did not change his mind on equity; rather, within the Dialogue he is engaging with a common understanding of the term as it existed in English law. Consequently, Hobbes's discussions here should not inform us about how equity fits into his philosophy.Equity is an important concept in Thomas Hobbes's philosophy. At various points in his writings, including multiple instances in his most famous work Leviathan (1651), Hobbes employs equity in significant, load bearing roles within both his legal and political discussions. To name a few among many
Inthisshortbook,WilliamD.Bishopattemptstooutlineasetofeconomic principles which he presents as an alternative to those dominant today. He findstheseprinciplesinBoethius'sConsolation of Philosophy.Theseprinciples providetoolsforbothcritiqueandreplacement,withBishop'sreadingofthe Consolationattemptingtoidentifytheproblemswithintoday'seconomywhilst simultaneously suggesting itself as their solution. The broad project holds merit,andBishopsuccessfullyoutlinesseveralareaswhereBoethiusdoeshold interestandpotentialutilityforcontemporarysocialandeconomicdebates. However,thereareissueswiththebookand,unfortunately,theworkisnot entirelysuccessfulinarticulatingordefendingtheclaimsitputsforward.Bishop'sbookisshort,concludingat90pages,andiscomprisedofthree chapters.ChapteronepresentsBoethius'shistoricalandintellectualcontext. Chapter two turns to focus on the Consolation itself, proceeding through a section-by-sectionsummaryoftheentirework.Finally,inchapterthree,the argumentofthebookbeginsandBishoppresentswhatheseesasthe"economyofphilosophy'sconsolation"(39),focusinghisattentiononseveralmain areasorprincipleswhichheclaims,hereandinthebook'sconclusion,"supportre-rootingeconomics"(74)awayfromitscurrentneoliberalfoundation.Chapter one begins with a brief summary of the Consolation's historical background,spendingapproximatelyonepageintroducingthereadertothe RomeofBoethius.Afterthisone-pageintroduction,wemoveontoamorespe-cificbiographyofBoethiushimself,againspendingapproximatelyonepageon asummaryofhislifeleadingtohisfamousbanishmentanddeath.Duetothe brevityofdiscussion,onlythebriefestofoutlinesisgivenhere,however,for thoseunfamiliarwithBoethiusandhislifethissketchwouldusefullysituate theminpreparationforlaterdiscussions.Theremainderofthechapterthen gives an overview of the intellectual context, focusing particular attention on Plato and Aristotle, before then moving on to introduce the Consolation itselfandconcludewithadiscussionofitsreceptionandinfluence.Although brief,thischapteriswellwritten,easytofollow,andsuccessfullyintroduces the reader to the most important historical and contextual elements of the Consolation.Chapter two presents a section-by-section summary of the Consolation. Bishop isolates every section contained in each book, from book I to V, and presents a summary of each in turn. These summaries are short, typi-callybetween1-2paragraphsinlength,andtheyaremostlyfactual,givinga
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