Short-term mortality in candidemic non-immunocompromised patients was comparable to fungemia-associated deaths in immunosuppressed patients. Ischemic heart disease has appeared as a new predictor of unfavorable outcome in patients with hematogenous candidiasis.

Nine rabbits were given subcutaneous doses of 7.5 mg of gentamicin/kg every 24 hr, and nine were given 2.5 mg of gentamicin/kg every 8 hr for three weeks or longer. Renal function was evaluated by monitoring of the concentration of creatinine in serum and the rate of clearance of gentamicin from serum. In the animals receiving the 8-hr divided dosage, a deterioration of renal function as early as day 7 was demonstrated by the rate of clearance of gentamicin, and deterioration by day 21 was evidenced by the concentration of creatinine in serum; the renal function of the animals receiving the single daily dose was unchanged. There was no relationship between peak or trough concentrations of gentamicin in serum and the development of nephrotoxicity. The animals receiving the 8-hr dosages had a significantly longer daily duration of exposure to concentrations of greater than or equal to 0.1, greater than or equal to 1.0, greater than or equal to 2.0, and greater than or equal to 3.0 microng of gentamicin/ml in serum than did animals receiving the daily dosage.

The in vitro activity of BL-S640, a 7-(2-aryl-2-aminoacetamido)-3-(heterocyclic-thiomethyl) cephalosporin, was evaluated against 338 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in comparison with ampicillin, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cephalexin. Against Escherichia coli, BL-S640 was as active as cefazolin and more active than ampicillin, cephalothin, and cephalexin. BL-S640 was as effective as the other cephalosporins tested and far more active than ampicillin against Klebsiella and was more active than cephalexin against Proteus mirabilis and the indole-positive Proteus. The majority of Enterobacter, Serratia, and Citrobacter were resistant to ampicillin and all the cephalosporins tested. With rare exceptions, the zone of inhibition by the BL-S640 30-jgg disk was either larger or the same as the zone obtained by the cephalothin 30-,ug disk in the Kirby-Bauer disk susceptibility test.BL-S640 is a 7-(2-aryl-2-aminoacetamido)-3-(heterocyclic-thiomethyl) cephalosporin. Preliminary studies conducted at the Bristol Laboratories revealed that BL-S640 has a broad antimicrobial spectrum and that it was well absorbed by the mouse after parental or oral administration

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