Bauen mit massiven Brettsperrholzelementen (BSP‐Elementen) gewann in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung. Beginnend mit dem Einfamilienhausbau vor mehr als 15 Jahren wurden und werden mittlerweile immer größere Bauaufgaben angedacht und realisiert. Als Beispiele der aktuell größten Bauwerke in der Holz‐Massivbauweise können der Murray Grove Tower und das Bridboard House – 2008 bzw. 2010 in London errichtet – angeführt werden. Die jeweils achtgeschossigen Bauwerke wurden komplett mit dem noch “jungen” Baustoff Brettsperrholz (BSP) realisiert.Traditionell erfolgt die Berechnung von Deckenelementen aus BSP als einachsig gespannter Plattenstreifen. Damit kann allerdings nur die Haupttragrichtung der orthotrop wirkenden BSP‐Platte erfasst werden. Um auch die Nebentragrichtung für die Bemessung zu nutzen, werden im vorliegenden Beitrag sämtliche Steifigkeitskennwerte von BSP‐Platten erläutert. Damit können auch Sonderfälle wie Deckenaussparungen oder punktgestützte Platten, welche eine 2D‐Plattenberechnung nach der orthotropen, schubnachgiebigen Plattentheorie (REISSNER‐MINDLIN) erfordern, untersucht werden.Two‐axial load transfer of Cross‐Laminated‐Timber platesIn the last years building activity with solid Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) elements gained remarkable relevance. Starting with single family houses over 15 years ago medium and large sized building construction jobs are analysed and solved in the meantime. Two examples for large multi‐storey houses with eight floors each, erected completely with CLT, can be cited here: on the one hand the Murray Grove Tower (2008) and on the other hand the Bridboard House (2010) – both realized in London. Structural design of these CLT‐plates is performed traditionally as simply supported uniaxial plate. Only the stronger, more important main direction of CLT‐plates, which is defined as the orientation of the outer layers, is treated by this assumption. In order to include the minor important orthogonal direction of CLT in a two dimensional plate theory all plate stiffness coefficients of CLT‐plates are illustrated and discussed in the present paper. Consequently special cases as large cutouts in CLT‐plates and column supported CLT‐plates can be treated with the well known REISSNER‐MINDLIN plate theory, which includes deformation due to bending and shear.
Folding structures belong to the group of lightweight structural systems, which often consist of polygonal elements like triangles or quadrangles. Folding structures whose construction is made out of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels represent an innovative step in the timber industry, which has many advantages. CLT panels can be used simultaneously as supporting elements and as finishing building envelopes. There are many prefabrication possibilities, high efficient material consumption, low production and assembly costs, and it has environmental advantages over conventional materials used for folding structure like concrete, metal or glass. CLT folding structures are not sufficiently explored. One of the reasons may lie in the fact of limited design possibilities, which includes the specificity of CLT capacity. Another reason is maybe the inability to use standard wooden connectors to transfer the forces along the thin linear edges where the panels are supported. The aim of this paper is to present design possibilities through parametric modelling using the characteristics of CLT. Using the example of a wooden theatre stage we will present results of our research.
Im vorliegenden Aufsatz werden Bemessungstafeln zur Vorbemessung von Bauteilen aus Holz – Ermittlung der erforderlichen Querschnittshöhe – in Abhängigkeit definierter Eingangsparameter (Einwirkungen, Geometrie, Systemdefinitionen, Materialeigenschaften) vorgestellt. Eine allgemeingültige Aussage, welcher ULS‐ bzw. SLS‐Nachweis die relevante Bemessungssituation für die Dimensionierung eines Bauteiles widerspiegelt, kann aufgrund der Vielzahl an Einflussparametern, wie z. B. der Materialkennwerte, der Trägerspannweite und der Belastung, a priori nicht eindeutig getätigt werden. Für die effiziente Vorbemessung gemäß ÖNORM EN 1995‐1‐1 [1] liegen bis dato keinerlei nutzbare Bemessungsdiagramme für biegebeanspruchte Stäbe mit wissenschaftlicher Aussagekraft vor.Design charts for a single spanned timber beam under bending – Part 1: Roof beam with a homogeneous rectangular beam cross‐sectionIn the presented paper design charts for the preliminary design of components made of timber (determination of the required cross‐sectional height) are shown. The charts are given as functions of several defined input parameters like loads, system geometry and material behavior. A generally valid statement, which kind of verification (ULS or SLS) reflects the relevant design situation for the design of a timber component is not possible. This may occur due to numerous influencing parameters. Currently no design charts for the efficient preliminary design according to ÖNORM EN 1995‐1‐1 [1] are available.
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