A new family of yet unknown carbon modifications has been proposed. The underlying building principle consists of connecting triptycyl moieties by benzene rings in two dimensions so that 2D hexagonal nets (with regular or irregular hexagons) emerge and then connecting identical nets by simple bonds. The resulting infinite structures can be described as a mixture of sp3 and sp2 carbons and are of hexagonal nature. Some of the allotropes are crystalline, but most of these 3D solids possess only a translational symmetry in one dimension. An attempt to estimate their stability by modified neglect of diatomic overlap solid-state calculations revealed that the stability of these allotropes is comparable to that of diamond.Carbon does exist in several allotropic forms1 out of which and C70 are the most recent representatives.2•3 C60 had been

Substituting carbon atoms of fullerenes by heteroatoms and vacancies will lead to new and yet unknown spherical-shaped molecules termed hereafter as heterofullerenes. The enormous structural diversity of these molecules is investigated and their structural, electronic and thermochemical properties are predicted using semiempirical computations. Computational results for complexes with ions lead to the hypothesis that these molecules behave like microscopic Faraday cages in which the electrons concentrate on the outer side of the sphere. It is predicted that some of these heterofullerenes are structurally and electronically similar to phthalocyanines and related molecules but offer many additional advantages. Potential uses such as adding heterofullerenes to fullerene materials, as superior starting materials for the fabrication of diamonds, as catalysts in hydrogenation reactions, as components of materials dominated until now by phthalocyanines, etc., are discussed. Simple synthetic routes to these compounds that are based on minor alternations of existing methods for fullerene production are proposed. On the basis of the thermochemical calculations, we believe that the most promising possibility consists of using metal cyanide/graphite composite target rods instead of pure graphite rods as in a conventional fullerene synthesis.

The chapter describes the results developed by the special interest group Operational Service Management (OSM), a part of the German Chapter of the IT Service Management Foundation (itSMF Deutschland e.V.). The chapter describes the results, that have been created in the special interest group. Starting with the description of the problem based approach, the creation of the metamodel, an evaluation of the fundamentals and a summary of the lessons learned, an introduction in the activities of this special interest group is given.

The ESA spacecraft Mars Express is the first European mission to the red planet and has contributed many scientific discoveries in the search for water and traces of life on Mars since its arrival at Mars in late 2003. Launched in June 2003 it has exceeded its planned lifetime by more than eleven years. After more than 14 years in orbit, aging components and diminishing on-board resources present a substantial challenge: continuing to probe Mars and to generate invaluable scientific data becomes a matter of innovative resource management strategies. Mars Express uses three lithium-ion batteries which were dimensioned for a 4 year mission duration. The batteries have now been in use for much longer than their intended lifetime and the effect that ageing and degradation has had in reducing their capacity is becoming significant. This limits the maximum eclipse length the batteries can support and increases their depth of discharge during every eclipse: this, in turn, further accelerates the ageing process. An additional obstacle is that Mars Express is the oldest scientific spacecraft using lithium-ion batteries and therefore there exists no comparable data set one could rely on to predict the remaining battery lifetime and degradation behaviour. These aspects, increasing eclipse lengths, decreasing battery capacity and limited predictability, are major life limiting factors which need to be addressed by the Flight Control Team. Eclipse lengths could only be reduced through orbit change manoeuvres which would consume more fuel than the very tight

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