Understanding the influence of policy knowledge (analysis, evaluation) on policy change represents a long‐standing quest in the policy sciences. Despite attempts of Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) scholars, the first to embark systematically on this quest, utilization and policy process literatures still run parallel. Through a critique of ACF and utilization studies, we argue that the inability of policy theory to include how and which information decision makers use is the foundational issue hindering efforts to link process and substance in policy theory. Situating utilization studies in the policy design approach offers an improvement in conceptualizing relationships between policy knowledge, process, and change.

Unagitated cultures of Acanthamoeba in the logarithmic growth phase have been observed to consist of over 99% mononucleates and less than 1% multinucleates. A small increase in the relative numbers of multinucleates occurs as the cultures age and conditions for growth become limiting. A large increase in the proportion of multinucleates occurs during logarithmic growth, if the cultures are agitated by shaking or by the bubbling from a stream of air. After an initial increase and until the end of logarithmic growth, the numbers of multinucleates in the agitated cultures are maintained at a constant fraction of the total population. Proportions of multinucleates as high as 25% are observed during this period. A second increase in the relative numbers occurs as conditions for growth become limiting. Under these conditions, the multinucleates may exceed 50% of the total population. The factors inducing multinuclearity as well as the kinetics of the mononucleate and multinucleate accumulation curves are discus,sed.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract