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SnS is a promising candidate as PV absorber material according to the material properties and the Loferski diagram, but despite the numerous publications on this material, the intrinsic material properties are widely unknown and the theoretical possible values for efficiency are still far away from those achieved in reality. Due to the fact that this material is mostly grown as thin film material, bulk research is rare. The material synthesis and the melt growth of tin monosulfide (SnS) by using Bridgman‐Stockbarger technique have been investigated in this study. After first growth experiments produced polycrystalline SnS, a significant reduction of the growth velocity lead to samples with a high amount of single crystalline material. These samples were investigated in detail regarding the structural and optical properties by using XRD/HRXRD, chemical etching and photoluminescence.

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An extended non-steady-state model for the interaction between a solid particle and an advancing solid/liquid interface based on the dynamic model of Catalina et al. (Metall Mater Trans A 31:2559â2568, 2000) is used to calculate the critical velocities for the pushing/engulfment transition in Si-SiC system under microgravity and under normal gravity conditions. The aim of this study was to explain the abnormal behavior of the critical velocity in experiments. The simulations were carried out for two cases of the drag force formulation. The effects of the non-spherical form of the particles as well as the cluster formation were also taken into account. It is found that in the presence of the gravity force, the particles will be engulfed when the particle size exceeds a certain limit which does not depend on the choice of the drag force formulation