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In prospective randomized trial, we found endoscopic treatment with OTSCs to be superior to standard therapy with TTSCs for patients with recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding. STING Study, Clinicaltrials.gov no: NCT1836900.

The OTSC clip is effective and safe for complicated bleeding and closure of perforations of the gastrointestinal tract. Nevertheless, sufficient closure of chronic fistulas with the OTSC still remains an unsolved problem.

Currently, no method allows direct and quantitative comparison of MHC-presented peptides in pairs of samples, such as transfected and untransfected, tumorous and normal or infected and uninfected tissues or cell lines. Here we introduce two approaches that use isotopically labeled reagents to quantify by mass spectrometry the ratio of peptides from each source. The first method involves acetylation and is both fast and simple. However, higher peptide recoveries and a finer sensitivity are achieved by the second method, which combines guanidination and nicotinylation, because the charge state of peptides can be maintained. Using differential acetylation, we identified a beta catenin-derived peptide in solid colon carcinoma overpresented on human leucocyte antigen-A (HLA-A)(*)6801. Guanidination/nicotinylation was applied to keratin 18-transfected cells and resulted in the characterization of the peptide RLASYLDRV (HLA-A(*)0201), exclusively presented on the transfectant. Thus, we demonstrate methods that enable a pairwise quantitative comparison leading to the identification of overpresented MHC ligands.