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Changing realities of local community attachments in the context of advanced industrialism and the growth of the welfare state have b~vught about a social and normative separation between the world of work and place of residence, which involves a basic sh!ft in the balance between attachments to community and participation in the wider society. The strength of community sentiment, satisfaction, and participation now derives from the specialized household and socialization processes that remain in the residential community, many of which are joined to religious identity. Because religion concerrt~ not only transcendent values and ultimate meanings but is necessarily tied to territory (locality), a major issue facing religious groups is how to grow strong enough to create more effective links between the local area and the social and political processes of both the larger metropolis and the total society. Different responses carry important implications for the role of religion and public policy.

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