This paper presents a methodology for the identification, analysis and comparative assessment of the handicaps which nowadays prevent the higher implementation of Demand Response (DR) in the electricity market. Its application provides a hierarchical organization of handicaps from the most critical to the less critical and then, from the easiest to the most difficult to overcome. This makes possible to determine which barriers would be a priority, which may indicate the direction of regulatory changes to properly address these handicaps and so, stimulating a higher participation of the demand side in electricity markets. After applying the methodology to three European countries, 34 handicaps have been identified, analysing which of these handicaps affect such stakeholders as grid operators, retailers and customers and how these stakeholders are affected. For each handicap, the criticality and difficulty to overcome the different handicaps have been studied, based on detailed information 1

This work presents the systems explored as part of the CLPsych 2019 Shared Task. More specifically, this work explores the promise of deep learning systems for suicide risk assessment.

The objective of this study is to determine how a hibernating mammal avoids the formation of blood clots under periods of low blood flow. A microfluidic vascular injury model was performed to differentiate the effects of temperature and shear rate on platelet adhesion to collagen. Human and ground squirrel whole blood was incubated at 15 or 37°C and then passed through a microfluidic chamber over a 250 μm strip of type I fibrillar collagen at that temperature and shear rates of 50 s−1 or 300 s−1 to simulate torpid and aroused conditions respectively. At 15°C, both human and ground squirrel platelets showed a 90–95% decrease in accumulation on collagen independent of shear rate. At 37°C, human platelet accumulation reduced by 50% at 50 s−1 compared to 300 s−1, while ground squirrel platelet accumulation dropped by 80%. When compared to platelets from non-hibernating animals, platelets from animals collected after arousal from torpor showed a 60% decrease in binding at 37°C and 300 s−1, but a 2.5-fold increase in binding at 15°C and 50 s−1. vWF binding in platelets from hibernating ground squirrels were decreased by 50% relative to non-hibernating platelets. The source of the plasma that platelets were stored in did not affect the results indicating that the decreased vWF binding was a property of the platelets. Upon chilling, ground squirrel platelets increase microtubule assembly leading to the formation of long rods. This shape change is concurrent with sequestration of platelets in the liver and not the spleen. In conclusion, it appears that ground squirrel platelets are sequestered in the liver during torpor, have reduced binding capacity for plasma vWF, and lower accumulation on collagen at low shear rates and after storage at cold temperatures, while still being activated by external agonists. These adaptations would protect the animals from spontaneous thrombus formation during torpor but allow them to restore normal platelet function upon arousal.

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This article demonstrates that natural gas must be counted among the sustainable energy sources. What is more, natural gas acts as a bridge to a supply system based on hydrogen. The significance of natural gas in the primary energy mix of industrialized countries will only increase as time goes on. Increasing competition in the energy markets under the heading of liberalization will lead on the one hand to the development and use of highly efficient energy converters like fuel cells, for example, and on the other hand political pressure with an eye to the European CO 2 reduction targets will give clear impulses in this direction. This article also demonstrates the advantages and opportunities of using natural gas as a low carbon fossil fuel in order to achieve these targets. Above and beyond this, the role of natural gas in the energy intensive domestic, industrial and transportation sectors will be fully examined. In particular, the influence of fuel cell technology in these areas of application will be presented and the significance of natural gas as a fuel examined from technical and economical points of view.