O petróleo e seus derivados são responsáveis por impactos ambientais significativos e a fração dos hidrocarbonetos aromáticos BTEX é amplamente utilizada, mesmo sendo considerada altamente tóxica. Sabendo que áreas com histórico de contaminação de hidrocarbonetos possuem microrganismos capazes de sobreviver ao contaminante e que a biodegradação pode ser utilizada para minimizar ou remover estes poluentes do ambiente, o objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar e identificar linhagens bacterianas degradadoras de hidrocarbonetos do tipo BTEX, provenientes de um solo com histórico de vinte e dois anos de contaminação do setor petroquímico em Triunfo/RS. Para isso foram coletadas amostras de solo em células de landfarming, com histórico de disposição de compostos derivados do petróleo e estas foram preparadas em três concentrações de BTEX (0,5%; 1%; 1,5%) como única fonte de carbono. Foram obtidos 122 isolados e estes foram testados quanto à sua capacidade de biodegradação de 5%, 10% e 20% do contaminante, sendo selecionados onze isolados promissores (linhagens 8, 10, 15, 17, 23, 24, 62, 64, 99, 126 Petroleum and its derived products are responsible for significant environmental impacts and BTEX aromatic hydrocarbons fraction is widely used, although considered highly toxic. It is known that areas with a hydrocarbon contamination history have microorganisms capable of surviving and that biodegradation can be used to minimize or remove these pollutants from the environment. The objective of this work was to isolate and identify BTEX degrading bacterial strains from a soil with a history of twenty-two years of petrochemical sector contamination in Triunfo/RS. For this, soil samples were collected in landfarming cells, with a history of petroleum derived products disposition. The samples were prepared with three concentrations of the BTEX contaminant (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) as the only carbon source. A total of 122 bacterial isolates were tested for biodegradability with 5%, 10% and 20% of BTEX contaminant, and eleven promising strains were selected (8, 10, 15, 17, 23, 24, 62, 64, 99, 126 and 128 strain), where the 62 strain (Pseudomonas sp.) grew in 20% of BTEX. Through the 16S rRNA gene sequencing was possible to identify mainly isolates of the Bacillus (8, 10, 15, 17 and 23 strain) and Pseudomonas genus (linhagens 24,62, 64, 99 and 128 strain) and one strain of Paenibacillus jamilae (126).
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