Public Bicycle System (PBS) has been developed for short-distance transportation as a part of the mass transportation system. The supply and demand of bikes in PBS is usually unbalanced at different stations and needs to be continuously and widely monitored and redistributed. The bicycle redistribution is a part of the vehicle routing problem (VRP). We can apply solutions to the VRP to redistribute bicycle efficiently. However, most solutions to the VRP use the Euclidean distance as the condition factor, which does not take road conditions, traffic regulations, and geographical factors into account, resulting in unnecessary waste of delivery time and human resources. In this work, we propose an actual path distance optimization method for the VRP to adapt the several additional constraints of road problems. We also implement a system that integrates real-time station information, Web GIS, the urban road network, and heuristics algorithms for PBS. The system includes a simulator inside that can assist PBS managers to do the route planning efficiently and find the best scheduling strategy to achieve hotspot analysis and the adjustment of station deployment strategies to reduce PBS operation cost.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is satellite-based, with receiving equipment worldwide utilizing geographic positioning satellites in Earth orbit. The system is unaffected by the radio positioning system, so it provides highly accurate three-dimensional positioning, velocity, and time data to users. In this paper, Alishan Township, Chiayi County, central Taiwan, is selected to test an automatic real-time monitoring system comprising of one machine with multiple GPS antennas. To this end, the Alishan Public Works Section installed advanced measuring instruments and a landslide-monitoring system composed of a high-efficiency transmission system. A pre- and post-rainfall data survey was conducted on this slope section. Together with the rainfall records, real-time ground-slip monitoring data was collected, and subsequently analyzed to understand the disaster situation and ground slip characteristics of the Alishan Highway following an earthquake (1998). In the future, more effective management values will be set to reduce the loss of slope disasters to conserve land and public safety. For the first time in Taiwan, this paper presents displacement data indicating that after the typhoon rains, a maximum surface movement velocity of 2.5 cm every six days is attained, while the total displacement per month is as high as 10 cm. These data can be used as for the remediation of this section of the Alishan Highway.

The Bridge Health Monitoring (BHM) system has become crucial for long-span bridge structures. This study aims to assess the bridge deck movement based-on GPS time series data and environmental data obtained from BHM system. The correlation and regression analysis are utilized to find out the pairwise relationship between the bridge deck movement in all directions and environmental factors as well as traffic load. The result shows the highest correlations in bridge deck vertical movements, the symmetrical oscillation in different parts of bridge deck and it also reveals the impact of air temperature change, wind velocity and traffic vehicle on bridge deck movement in all directions.