High-velocity impact onto a layered glass target produces a very extensive damage pattern exhibiting many distinct morphologies. Material around the penetration cavity is finely comminuted. Under the arrested projectile, the glass is largely intact with spokelike fracture regions. Around the projectile cavity, needle fragments are formed; they are radial in outer layers and circumferential in inner layers. Extensive radial cracks occur in all layers, but the spacing and frequency of transverse fractures change in each layer. Damage from radial cracks also progresses from being hoop-stress-induced to flexural-induced through the depth of the target. Fan and dicing cracks occur near the periphery of the target. Mesoscale damage features include conventional mist and hackle markings indicating very fast cracks. The map of damage presented herein should be a valuable reference for attempts to model impact damage of glass.

Purpose -Working towards a broader understanding of information provision by agencies responding to crisis situations, the aim of this paper is to examine mandated information provision on the part of law enforcement to survivors of intimate partner violence at the scene of an emergency response. Design/methodology/approach -The authors conducted a detailed content analysis of 1,851 documents supplied by local law enforcement agencies from 755 US cities. A 29-element coding framework was developed to identify five key content areas of information: the nature of abuse, survivor norms, police information, legal options, and community resources. Findings -The best represented content areas related to police information, legal options, and community resources. Information on the nature of abuse and survivor hood was dramatically less well represented. Law enforcement understandably privileges that information which involves immediate, concrete action and within which the officer may have a responsibility (for example, to obtain a temporary restraining order). Correlations between city size and the presence of information elements were minimal, while several significant correlations based on region were noted. Originality/value -This is the first nationwide study of the information that police are required to provide to survivors of intimate partner violence. Understanding the features of this seldom-discussed yet vital interaction can help IS professionals support practices and protocols of other agencies responding to crisis situations who may be struggling with minimal preparation for information interactions.

Abstract. Iodine pentoxide-aluminum thermite reactions have been driven by impacts at 1000 m/s on steel plates 3 mm or thicker. This reaction releases iodine gas that is known to be a sporicide. To test the impact reactions for sporicidal effects, reactions took place in closed chambers containing dried Bacillus subtilis spores. The reduction in colony-forming units was dependent on the exposure time; long exposure times resulted in a 10 5 decrease in germination rate. This was shown to be due to the gas exposure rather than the heat or turbulence. Sporicidal effectiveness was increased by adding neodymium and saran resin.