Aim: This study is designed to determine the awareness of anti-microbial resistance and appropriate antimicrobials use among health care professionals (intern, junior residents and nurses) and lay persons. Methods: The study will be held at rural tertiary care hospital in central India including junior resident, Interns and nurses, patient and their relatives. Survey tool and data questionnaire will be provided to participants in English and Marathi. Results: Comparison of knowledge of antimicrobial resistance among hospital staff, patient and their relatives will be done. Conclusion: There is a need to frame policies to prevent excessive use of Antimicrobials and to increase awareness about the knowledge of proper usage antimicrobial and antimicrobial resistance among lay person.

Headaches are one of the most frequent reasons people visit the neurology department. In 2019, headache issues ranked as the 14th most common cause of disability-adjusted life years globally. According to the International Headache Society, migraine is a particular type of headache that is unilateral, frequently throbbing, associated with vertigo, and sensitive to light, sound, and head movement. A migraine has four stages: premonitory, aura, headache, and postdrome. Migraine is the type of discomfort that most frequently complicates the pregnancy. A migraine is more common in women than in men. Migraines are influenced by increased levels of estrogen during pregnancy and a sharp decrease in those levels during puerperium. Untreated migraine can result in premature labor, hypertension, and low birth weight babies. Menstrual-related events occurred more frequently in migraine sufferers than in non-migraine sufferers. We have explained the relation of sex hormones that trigger migraine. We have also reviewed the therapeutic approach, such as pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, for migraine in pregnancy and breastfeeding. A migraine episode during menstruation was slightly more severe and complicated than a headache that wasn't a migraine. Breastfeeding is not prohibited by migraines. The steady estrogen levels brought on by lactating women's lack of menstruation may function as a protective factor. In addition to any required drug therapy, nonpharmacological techniques should always be used as the first line of treatment. Preconception counseling is an essential part of providing headache patients with safe therapy during pregnancy. Supplemental estrogen should not be used by any women who have an aura or who are 35 years of age or older because there is inadequate proof to support any long-term adverse effects. Paracetamol is advised for use in acute therapy during pregnancy. Mothers who used acetaminophen during pregnancy are more likely to have children with hyperkinetic disorders and characteristics resembling attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder. Menstrual migraine can be treated in a variety of ways, including acute therapy, non-pharmacological therapy, and preconception counseling. Similar tactics are used to treat migraines during pregnancy, but it's important to take the medications' safety rating into account. Migraines and menstrual problems go together. A safeguarding element is a constant estrogen level during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The preferred method of treatment for migraine is non-pharmacological therapy, followed by prenatal counseling. Sumatriptan and acetaminophen are both effective treatments for transient migraine attacks that occur during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

This study more on the role of trace elements such as iron(Fe), zinc(Zn), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), copper(Cu), cobalt(Co), selenium(sn) on the medicinal conditions like heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, pericardial effusion, keshan’s disease and various other cardiovascular diseases. This study highlights the levels of individual trace elements or the elements which are present in minute quantities either it is a deficiency or in excess which can lead to various different cardiac diseases such mainly focusing on heart failure. it also stresses on the side of heart failure as it may be right-sided or left sided based on the location of deficiency. In an averagely built human adult, 0.02percent constitute of eleven essential trace elements. It also discusses that inadequate consumption of these minor elements via diet may lead to pathological conditions of heart. This study also throws light on the classification of trace elements given by Frieden in 1981,broadly classified as micro elements, trace elements, and ultra-trace elements on the basis of amount detected in tissues of averagely built human adult , further trace elements are classified as essential trace elements, probable essential trace elements, physically beneficial trace elements, .the basic pathophysiology and etiology is also given which can lead to heart failure and various other cardiovascular diseases or conditions. Diagnosis of various diseases can be made by monitoring the levels of various trace elements and it can also help to reduce the risk of having heart related medicinal conditions by including these minor elements in diet so as to improve the operating condition of heart this study also focuses on the dietary sources of trace elements. Cardiovascular emergency can also be avoided by continuous monitoring of subjects who are at high risk.