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A joint research project between the University of Newcastle upon Tyne and City University is developing a prototype system for using kinematic GPS techniques to derive the exterior orientation of an oblique sensor without the use of co-ordinated ground control. This paper presents an overview of the techniques employed in deriving GPS antenna co-ordinates and their subsequent use in finding the required orientations. The latest results and future plans are presented and discussed.

In many photogrammetric applications, speed is often critical and high accuracy is only a secondary consideration. To use a metric camera in such situations would be quite uneconomical. Non-metric cameras are inexpensive to buy, use and maintain. A top quality 35mm amateur single lens reflex cameramight costf1000, anorderofrnagnitudebelowthatofametriccamera. In addition, they are robust, mobileandrequirea minimum ofaccessories. In short, they are ideal for rapid, medium to low accuracy work. However, in contrast with a metric camera, a non-metric camera lacks a stable inner orientation, fiducial reference system and standard method of calibration.This paper relates to a final year undergraduate project carried out at City University, London which dealt with such a calibration. The aim of the work was to determine (a) whether or not a 35mm SLR camera had a stable interior orientation and, ifso, the best way of determining that orientation and (6) the accuracy of measurement that might be attained with such a camera.

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