Abstract-RPL, the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks, is considered the de facto routing protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT). Since its standardization, RPL contributed to the advancement of communications in the world of tiny, embedded, networking devices, by providing, along with other standards, a baseline architecture for IoT. Several years later, we analyze the extent to which RPL lived up to the expectations defined by the IETF requirements, and tie our analysis to current trends, identifying the challenges RPL must face to remain on the forefront of IoT technology.

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Abstract. Low-power wireless actuation is attracting interest in many domains, yet it is significantly less investigated than its sensing counterpart, especially in large-scale scenarios. As a consequence, guidelines about which protocol, among the few existing ones, is best suited to a given scenario are generally lacking. In this paper, we investigate the relative performance of simple disseminationbased solutions against the standard, state-of-the-art RPL protocol. These choices of protocols are motivated concretely by our involvement in the deployment of a large-scale infrastructure for smart city applications, which directly informs our evaluation, where we use the actual network topology. Our findings, albeit in a specific scenario, suggest that RPL still leaves much to be desired w.r.t. actuation. Two out of the three RPL implementations we considered exhibited unacceptable performance when used out-of-the-box. Even after some tuning and debugging, simple, dissemination-based solutions perform surprisingly better under several conditions. These findings motivate further research on the topic of large-scale low-power wireless actuation.